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- Cis-/trans-zearalenone (1)
- HPLC (1)
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- Ultraviolet irradiation (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
In the literature, it has been shown that the naturally occurring trans-zearalenone (ZEN) is transformed by ultraviolet irradiation to cis-ZEN. However, the practical relevance of this transformation in animal feeding remains unclear. The aim of the present preliminary investigation was to examine the effect of UV-irradiation on the concentration of trans-ZEN in a natural feed matrix at different dry matter contents to simulate the dry and wet feeding techniques usually applied in pig feeding. Four variants, air dry or wet ZEN-contaminated ground maize either irradiated or not were tested and analysed with conventional HPLC-FLD for trans-ZEN changes, which were further examined for cis-ZEN formation by HPLC-MS/MS. In conclusion, it could be shown that, under the investigated wet feed conditions, naturally occurring trans-ZEN was partially converted by ultraviolet irradiation to its cis counterpart. In contrast, the cis/trans isomerization seemed not to be relevant in dry maize. The consequence of this finding for practical liquid feeding systems for pigs requires further investigation. Additionally, an improvement of the analytical method for cis-ZEN determination is needed.
Demonstrating competency and equivalence for the measurement capacity of contaminants and nutrients in primary foodstuffs is a priority of the OAWG 10-year strategy for Track A core comparisons. Such measurements have posed significant challenges for reference material producers and calibration service providers. This key comparison (KC), under the topic of “non- polar analyte in high carbohydrate food matrix: trans-Zearalenone (trans-ZEN) in maize powder” , was a sector of the model system selected to align with this class within the OAWG strategy. Evidence of successful participation in formal, relevant international comparisons is needed to demonstrate the Calibration and Measurement Capabilities (CMCs) of national metrology institutes (NMIs) and designated institutes (DIs).
17 NMIs and DIs participated in the Track A KC CCQM- 168 “non-polar analyte in high carbohydrate food matrix: trans-ZEN in maize powder” . Participants were requested to evaluate the mass fraction (μg/kg) of trans-ZEN in maize powder material. Methods like liquid-liquid extraction and SPE were applied in the pre-treatment, and HPLC-MS/MS and HPLC-FLD were used for detection by the participants. The mass fractions for trans-ZEN were in the range of (91.8 to 169) μg/kg with standard uncertainties of (1.5 to 24.7) μg/kg, and corresponding relative standard uncertainties from 1.5% to 14.6%. Two labs, INTI and BAM were excluded from the KCRV evaluation. INTI result was identified as an outlier and confirmed their method had insufficient specificity. For BAM the calibration approach they used does not meet the CIPM traceability requirements. The other 15 labs included in the calculation of the consensus KCRV all agreed within their standard uncertainties. Hierarchical Bayes was used as estimators in calculating KCRV and standard uncertainty.
Successful participation in CCQM-K168 demonstrates the measurement capabilities in determining mass fraction of organic compounds, with molecular mass of 100 g/mol to 500 g/mol, having low polarity pKow < -2, in mass fraction range from 1 μg/kg to 1000 μg/kg in a high carbohydrate food matrix.