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- Metal seal (9)
- Creep (7)
- Metal seals (6)
- Leak tightness (5)
- Long-term behavior (5)
- Safety assessment (5)
- Aging mechanisms (3)
- Radioactive material (3)
- Spent fuel (3)
- Ageing (2)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
An zwei mit Flüssiggas (Propan) gefüllten Lagerbehältern mit Brandschutzisolierung wurden Brandversuche über eine Dauer von bis zu 90 Minuten durchgeführt. Für eine Brandschutzisolierung wurde erstmals experimentell die Erfüllung der entsprechenden Brandschutzanforderungen der Technischen Regel Druckbehälter TRB 610 nachgewiesen.
Plastische Deformation von Federkern-Metalldichtungen in Abhängigkeit von Temperatur und Zeit
(2012)
Casks for the transport and storage of heat generating radioactive waste in Germany are normally provided with screwed lid systems, which are in most cases equipped with double jacket metal seals with an inner spring wire to provide long term resistance to the seal compression force. Preservation of the high sealing quality of those seals under operational and accidental stress conditions is essentially important to the safety of those casks. Relative displacements of the lid system surfaces caused by specific impact scenarios cannot be excluded and have to be evaluated with respect to a possible increase in the leakage rate.
To get representative data for such metal sealed lid systems, BAM has developed a special conceptualised flange system placed in an appropriate testing machine for relevant mechanical loading of the metal seals under static and cyclic conditions. Furthermore, the flange system enables continuous measurement of the standard helium leakage rate during each test.
The primary aim of the investigation is to identify the correlation between variation of installation conditions (axial displacements) caused by external loads and the standard helium leakage rate. An essential parameter in this case is the useable resilience ru of a metal seal under relevant stress conditions. The useable resilience ru is the vertical difference in the cross-section between the seal's assembling status and the point where the leakage rate, by means of external load relieving, exceeds the quality criterion of 10-8 Pa m3 s-1. Load relieving can instantly occur due to modification of the seal groove dimension caused by accident impacts and deformation of the lid system. Furthermore, component specific basis data for the development of finite element calculation models should be collected. In the tests, seals are subjected to static and cyclic loads. All tests are performed at ambient temperature.
This paper presents the test configuration, different test series and results of the current experiments. Typical load-displacement-leakage rate correlations are presented and discussed.
Investigation of seal effects according to axial compression variation of coil spring metal seals
(2007)
Admissible limits for activity release from type B(U) packages for spent fuel transport specified in the International Atomic Energy Agency regulations (10-6 A2 h-1 for normal conditions of transport and A2 per week for accidental conditions of transport) have to be kept by an appropriate function of the cask body and its sealing system. Direct measurements of activity release from the transport casks are not feasible. Therefore, the most common method for the specification of leak tightness is to relate the admissible limits of activity release to equivalent standardised leakage rates. Applicable procedure and calculation methods are summarised in the International Standard ISO 12807 and the US standard ANSI N14·5. BAM as the German competent authority for mechanical, thermal and containment assessment of packages liable for approval verifies the activity release compliance with the regulatory limits. Two fundamental aspects in the assessment are the specification of conservative design leakage rates for normal and accidental conditions of transport and the determination of release fractions of radioactive gases, volatiles and particles from spent fuel rods. Design leakage rates identify the efficiency limits of the sealing system under normal and accidental transport conditions and are deduced from tests with real casks, cask models or components. The releasable radioactive content is primarily determined by the fraction of rods developing cladding breaches and the release fractions of radionuclides due to cladding breaches. The influence of higher burn-ups on the failure probability of the rods and on the release fractions are important questions. This paper gives an overview about methodology of activity release calculation and correlated boundary conditions for assessment.
Aufgrund ihrer einfachen und zuverlässigen Anwendung werden Elastomere für viele Dichtungsaufgaben eingesetzt. In vielen Anwendungsbereichen, wie z.B. Verkehr, Luftfahrt und Verfahrenstechnik, können während des Einsatzes tiefe Temperaturen auftreten, bei denen die Funktionsfähigkeit der Dichtung erhalten bleiben muss. Daher ist die Untersuchung des Verhaltens von Elastomerdichtungen bei tiefen Temperaturen wichtig, um ihren Temperatureinsatzbereich nach unten abzugrenzen und dadurch einen verlässlichen Betrieb zu sichern. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, den sicheren Einschluss von gefährlichen Gütern unter verschiedenen Umgebungsbedingungen und über lange Zeiten zu ermöglichen bzw. die Materialauswahl entsprechend zu steuern.
Die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) führte am 27. April 1999 auf ihrem Prüfgelände in Horstwalde (südlich von Berlin) einen Brandversuch mit einem 45-m³-Kesselwagen, der mit 10 m³ (5,1 t) Propan gefüllt war, durch. Dieser Versuch sollte Erkenntnisse liefern zur Beurteilung des thermischen Verhaltens von Flüssiggastanks in einem Unfallfeuer und Hinweise zur Ableitung von Katastrophenschutzmaßnahmen geben. Über Versuchsaufbau, -durchführung und -ergebnisse bezüglich des Propan-Kesselwagens wurde in dieser Zeitschrift berichtet [1].