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  • Pritzkow, Wolfgang (42)
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Isotope reference materials for present and future isotope research (2010)
Vogl, Jochen ; Pritzkow, Wolfgang
Isotope reference materials are essential to enable reliable and comparable isotope data. This article reviews the work in this field within the past years. The focus is on all stable elements, except for classical stable isotopes (H, C, N, O, S) and for radioactive elements. Currently available isotope reference materials are listed. The limitations of synthetic isotope mixtures being used to characterize these materials are discussed, as well as the limitations of the isotope reference materials, such as uncertainty and homogeneity. The needs for present research on isotope variations are being considered and are compared to the limitations of current isotope reference materials. This disagreement between both can only be solved by providing isotope reference materials defining a δ-scale for each element of interest. Such materials should be provided with additional data on isotope abundances whenever possible. As an outlook a possible outline for a new program on isotope reference materials is discussed.
Isotope dilution mass spectrometry - a primary method of measurement and its role for RM certification (2010)
Vogl, Jochen ; Pritzkow, Wolfgang
Nitrogen metabolism of wood decomposing basidiomycetes and their interaction with diazotrophs as revealed by IRMS (2011)
Weißhaupt, Petra ; Pritzkow, Wolfgang ; Noll, Matthias
Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) is an advanced method to investigate carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in organic samples. In particular, the N content, its isotope signature and the C/N ratio reveal important facts of nutrient cycling, niche separation and ecological food webs. In this study, the characteristics of N turnover of wood decomposing microorganisms were investigated. The growth of the white rot causing basidiomycete Trametes versicolor is enhanced after addition of ammonia or urea, whereas the brown rot causing Oligoporus placenta is not accelerated. In addition, an interaction of each fungus with atmospheric N2 assimilating (diazotrophic) bacteria was investigated. Cultivation experiments with a gas mixture of 15N2/O2 and subsequent IRMS analysis of dry biomass of the diazotrophs Azotobacter croococcum, Beijerinckia acida and Novosphingobium nitrogenifigens revealed that they assimilated up to 12% of their N from N2. The experiments reflected N availability as a prerequisite for efficient growth of decomposing basidiomycetes and diazotrophs. Fungal–bacterial co-cultivation experiments showed that depending on the growth characteristics and bacterial N2 assimilation activity N is transferred from certain bacteria into fungal biomass. Thus, the experiments gave a first indication of an interaction between wood decomposing basidiomycetes and diazotrophs, which is a novel pathway of fungal N acquisition.
Multi-element screening in milk and feed by SF-ICP-MS (2011)
Herwig, Nadine ; Stephan, Kristin ; Panne, Ulrich ; Pritzkow, Wolfgang ; Vogl, Jochen
In this study, an analytical procedure for multi-element screening of 40 elements in milk and feed samples was developed. Three different digestion and two different calibration methods were tested for the best suitability. The analytical procedure for the quantification of minor and trace elements is based on sector field ICP-MS (SF-ICP-MS). The method validation revealed good agreement between the determined elemental mass fractions and the certified values of two milk and three feed reference materials. Milk samples of dairy cows at different feeding regimes were collected from two different farms. The results of our study showed significant differences of nine elemental mass fractions (Li, P, Mn, Co, Cu, Rb, Sr, Br, I) between milk from the two locations. Further, a correlation between the elemental mass fractions of milk and the ingested feed and water was observed.
Development of reference procedures for the quantification of toxic metals and S in plastics (2010)
Vogl, Jochen ; Koenig, Maren ; Pritzkow, Wolfgang ; Riebe, Gundel
The quantitative analysis of toxic metals in plastics is very important for different sectors of industry and daily life. Many routine procedures have been established based on X-ray fluorescence or inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. However, all of them require suitable reference materials to calibrate or validate. These reference materials ideally are being certified by reference procedures. The development of such reference procedures for sulfur and the four toxic elements cadmium, chromium, mercury and lead in plastics is described here. The procedures are based on double isotope dilution mass spectrometry including analyte–matrix separation. The applied mass spectrometric techniques are thermal ionization mass spectrometry as well as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Memory effects of mercury and dissolution of chromium(III) oxide have been considered especially. The expanded uncertainties have been improved from the percent range down to the per mill range during the development of the procedure from the early analysis of BCR-680/681 to the recent analysis of CCQM-P106. With the fully developed procedures expanded uncertainties (k = 2) between 0.1 and 0.4% for cadmium, chromium, lead and sulfur and around 1% for mercury can be achieved. The so developed procedures have been successfully applied to the certification of reference materials as well as to intercomparisons organized by CCQM.
Biodegradation of a biocide (Cu-N-cyclohexyldiazenium dioxide) component of a wood preservative by a defined soil bacterial community (2010)
Jakobs, Désirée ; Mathies, Helena ; Abraham, W.-R. ; Pritzkow, Wolfgang ; Stephan, Ina ; Noll, Matthias
The wood protection industry has refined their products from chrome-, copper-, and arsenate-based wood preservatives toward solely copper-based preservatives in combination with organic biocides. One of these is Cu-HDO, containing the chelation product of copper and N-cyclohexyldiazenium dioxide (HDO). In this study, the fate of isotope-labeled (13C) and nonlabeled (12C) Cu-HDO incorporated in wood sawdust mixed with soil was investigated. HDO concentration was monitored by high-pressure liquid chromatography. The total carbon and the δ13C content of respired CO2, as well as of the soil-wood-sawdust mixture, were determined with an elemental analyzer-isotopic ratio mass spectrometer. The concentration of HDO decreased significantly after 105 days of incubation, and after 24 days the 13CO2 concentration respired from soil increased steadily to a maximum after 64 days of incubation. Phospholipid fatty acid-stable isotope probing (PFA-SIP) analysis revealed that the dominant PFAs C19:0d8,9, C18:0, C18:1ω7, C18:2ω6,9, C17:1d7,8, C16:0, and C16:1ω7 were highly enriched in their δ13C content. Moreover, RNA-SIP identified members of the phylum Acidobacteria and the genera Phenylobacterium and Comamonas that were assimilating carbon from HDO exclusively. Cu-HDO as part of a wood preservative effectively decreased fungal wood decay and overall microbial respiration from soil. In turn, a defined bacterial community was stimulated that was able to metabolize HDO completely.
Development and validation of a single collector SF-ICPMS procedure for the determination of boron isotope ratios in water and food samples (2011)
Vogl, Jochen ; Rosner, Martin ; Pritzkow, Wolfgang
Boron isotope studies on technical materials and geological and environmental samples are one hot topic in nowadays isotope research. Provenance studies of artefacts, food and other products might become another one, as several recent studies demonstrate. Typically boron isotope determinations have been carried out by TIMS. To open up this research field to a broader scientific community we developed two analytical procedures for boron isotope determinations based on single collector SF-ICPMS combined with a sample preparation procedure consisting of dry-ashing and a three step ion chromatographic boron-matrix separation. The developed procedures consist of one low resolution (LR) and one medium resolution (MR) procedure. The repeatability for the δ11B determination in three independently measured aliquots lies between 0.2 and 0.8‰ for the LR procedure and between 0.3 and 1.5‰ for the MR procedure. The expanded uncertainties with a coverage factor of k=2 range between 1.4 and 1.6‰ for the LR procedure and between 2.9 and 3.2‰ for the MR procedure. The accuracy, expressed as average deviation from the reference values, is 0.43‰ for the LR procedure and 0.33‰ for the MR procedure. To test the practicability of the procedures the matrix tolerance has been investigated as well and was found to be up to 2 mg kg-1 of alkaline and alkaline earth elements in the final measurement solution containing 100 µg kg-1 boron. Thus a highly efficient matrix separation for SF-ICPMS boron isotope determinations is required, similar to TIMS.
Development and validation of a method to determine the boron isotopic composition of crop plants (2011)
Rosner, Martin ; Pritzkow, Wolfgang ; Vogl, Jochen ; Voerkelius, S.
We present a comprehensive chemical and mass spectrometric method to determine boron isotopic compositions of plant tissue. The method including dry ashing, a three-step ion chromatographic boron–matrix separation, and 11B/10B isotope ratio determinations using the Cs2BO2+ graphite technique has been validated using certified reference and quality control materials. The developed method is capable to determine δ11B values in plant tissue down to boron concentrations of 1 mg/kg with an expanded uncertainty of ≤1.7‰ (k = 2). The determined δ11B values reveal an enormous isotopic range of boron in plant tissues covering three-quarters of the natural terrestrial occurring variation in the boron isotopic composition. As the local environment and anthropogenic activity mainly control the boron intake of plants, the boron isotopic composition of plants can be used for food provenance studies.
Erfahrungen mit mikrowelleninduzierten Aufschluss-Verfahren für die Elementspurenanalytik (2001)
Riebe, Gundel ; Klingbeil, Patrick ; Pritzkow, Wolfgang ; Vogl, Jochen
Neue, verbesserte und SI-rückgeführte Atomgewichtsbestimmung von Cd mit MC-TIMS und MC-IPC-MS (2003)
Pritzkow, Wolfgang
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