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Eingeladener Vortrag
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Parameter study for CFD in the bottle – grid resolution plays an important role on the temperature at the specific positions, 2D axi-symetrical calculation is a sufficient solution strategy in regards to the examined particular Problem. The intensity of filling process can be controlled by pressure “User defined function” provided by experiments. Numerical simulation demonstrated feasibility to predict temperature progress during the filling process successfully validated by experiments. The turbulent model k-w SST is the best strategy for the turbulent property calculations. The most intensive turbulent kinetic energy appeared in the middle region of the pressure bottle, the impact of the eddy viscosity on the wall was mostly in the wall region.
Die BAM – Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung führt schon seit vielen Jahren auf zwei Brand- prüfständen Brandprüfungen z.B. an Transport- und Lagerbehältern für radioaktive Stoffe oder zur Prüfung von Brandschutzbeschichtungen durch. Als Brandmedium wird auf diesen Prüfständen Flüssiggas (Propan- Butan-Gemisch C) eingesetzt, mit dem die Prüfobjekte simulierten Unfallfeuern ausgesetzt werden. Mit dem neuen Jetfire – Prüfstand der BAM können seit Anfang 2018 diverse Belastungsszenarien nach den Anforde- rungen der ISO22899-1:2007 [1] simuliert werden.
Wasserdruckprüfung kann entfallen: Schutzziel definieren, Qualitätssichernde Maßnahmen während der Herstellung, Nachweise der vorhandenen Qualität muss stetig erfolgen mittels: Betriebsüberwachung, zfP Bewertung des Standes der Technik: Zustandsorientierte Instandhaltung/Inspektion, Reduzierung von Ausfallzeiten durch optimierten Betrieb
Effective assessment and management of railway infrastructure for competitiveness and sustainability
(2018)
In this chapter the challenges facing railways have been illustrated through the description of two important events occurring in different geographical areas. While the explosion in Quebec, Canada, points out the importance of taking away the transportation infrastructure from highly populated areas; the disruption of the European railway network in Rastatt, Germany, describes the importance of designing alternative routes to critical railway segments, together with the need to have contingency plans to face extraordinary situations regarding the connectivity in a given transport network.
Future research efforts are recognized in relation with the railway car – track interaction, as the dynamic loads derived from such interaction could be reducing the life of such infrastructure. It is particularly important for infrastructures dedicated to the transportation of liquid hazardous substances.
Simulation of liquid cargo – vehicle interaction under lateral and longitudinal accelerations
(2018)
Amongst the vehicle parameters influencing road safety, the carried cargo plays a critical role in the case of a liquid cargo, posing rollover risk and affecting the available friction forces for braking. While the lateral sloshing of the cargo within the vehicle´s compartments, can be excited when the vehicle negotiates a turn, the longitudinal motion of the cargo derives from changes of speed. The combination of both types of perturbations occurs when the vehicle brakes while negotiating a turn. In this paper, a two-pendulum formulation is used to simulate the lateral and longitudinal behavior of a vehicle when negotiating a braking in a turn maneuver. The suspension forces are thus calculated as the linear superposition of both models. Results suggest that the vehicle roll stability is affected by the cargo sloshing, with increments on the order of 100% in the lateral load transfer, for a 50% filled tank. On the other hand, the dispersion of the travelling speed also affects the lateral stability of such type of vehicles, as a function of the dispersion of the vehicle´s travelling speed.
The use of railway transportation for satisfying the transport needs of goods in Mexico is less intense than in developed countries, such as Germany. Mexican performance measures based upon the railway length per capita (intensity), or the railway length per square km of the country surface (density), are well behind from corresponding indicators for Germany, in such a way that the length of the railway infrastructure of Mexico should be, at least, doubled in order to reach a comparable intensity rate as that of Germany. In this paper, the benefits from transferring the whole transportation of goods from road to railway, is discussed. The benefits include a remarkable reduction in energy consumption and CO2 emissions. The feasibility for the electrical infrastructure to provide the necessary energy is further shown, while the economic feasibility of such situation is analyzed on the basis of the federal budget of Mexico. According to these estimations, the investment in railway infrastructure is feasible, while the electrical installed capacity is enough to satisfy an all-electric system.
This paper describes a theoretical model to simulate the effects of a sloshing cargo on the safety performance of a vehicle that performs a braking-in-a-turn maneuver when travels at a partial fill level. The fundamental assumption of the model consists of the superposition of the effects of two simplified mechanical-analogy models that represent a liquid cargo on a vehicle, including one for the roll motion and another one for the pitch motion. The distinctive characteristics of the mechanical models, however, is that they are based upon a validated formulation to establish the properties of the pendulum (length).
The results suggest a small effect of the sloshing cargo on the braking efficiency of the cargo, while the load transfer is moderately affected. However, such results should be put into a perspective, according to which such small variations can represent the avoidance of a rear-end crash or a rollover. In this respect, a specialized ABS system could be considered to improve the performance of such kind of vehicles when performing such maneuvers.
Validation of the proposed methodology should be performed as a continuation of this research effort.
Seit zehn Jahren führt die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (kurz: BAM) auf zwei Prüfständen Brandprüfungen z. B. an Transport-und Lagerbehältern für radioaktive Stoffe oder zur Prüfung von Brandschutzbeschichtungen durch. Als Brandmedium wird Flüssiggas (Propan-Butan-Gemisch C) eingesetzt, mit dem die Prüfobjekte simulierten Unfallfeuern ausgesetzt werden. Seit Anfang 2018 verfügt die BAM darüber hinaus auch über einen Jetfire-Prüfstand, der die Anforderungen der ISO 22899-1:2007 1) erfüllt.
Commodities and rail damage
(2018)
The normalized contact-mechanics fourth-power law approach for the
dynamic loads, suggest: worst railway use situation (double deck at 65 km/h) is 350 times that of the less rail damage situation (flat car at 45 km/h).
The normalized dispersion approach for the dynamic loads (Dynamic Load Coefficient), suggest that the worst railway use situation (double deck at 65 km/h) is about 4 times that of the less rail damage Situation (flat car at 45 km/h).
The potential effect of the different types of cars on the railway fatigue life could be significant, as a function of the vehicle speed.
The experimental validation of these outputs will be carried out as a continuation of this research effort. In addition to that, it should be mentioned that the associated simplified model could be used to analyze some other situations, related with the transport safety of different products.