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Eingeladener Vortrag
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The synthesis of peroxycarboxylic esters, as one subgroup of organic peroxides, is characterized by a high thermal hazard potential regarding process safety. In case of failure in the production process, e.g., if the heat of reaction cannot be removed sufficiently fast, decomposition reactions can be triggered, and as a result, remarkable amounts of heat and gas can be released and can cause a high extent of damage. Multifarious technical and organizational measures are necessary to ensure the safe industrial production of peroxides. With the introduction of microreaction technology plenty of possibilities have been opened to carry out highly exothermic reactions in smaller volumes and with more efficient heat removal. In this paper we report the application of three different microstructured reactors, representing different mixing strategies, to synthesize two peroxymonocarboxylic esters, namely tert-butyl peroxypivalate and tert-butyl peroxy-2- thylhexanoate. The following reactor types were considered: an orifice microreactor, a split and recombine microreactor and a capillary tube reactor in combination with ultrasonication. The efficiency of the two Phase liquid/liquid reaction is expressed in comparison of conversion and selectivity. With microreaction technology a remarkable increase in space-time-yield, ranging from 12,500 kg·m−3·h−1 to 414,000 kg·m−3·h−1, is achieved.
Topic of the presentation is the predictability of safety characteristics like the Self Accelerating Decomposition Temperature (SADT) by means of simple correlations from DSC measurements or by models, which incorporate amongst others the molecular structure of the considered compound.
Already existing models of quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) for SADT determination suffer from test results, which are, on the majority, not comprehensible. The quality of the generated models is questionable.
One item within the Safera-project is the provision of reliable data to have a solid basis for the prediction.