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Eingeladener Vortrag
- nein (23)
This paper presents investigations on the tribological behaviour of PTFE composites against steel at cryogenic temperatures. The results showed that the friction coefficient decreases with temperature down to 77 K, but did not follow a linear evolution further down to extreme low temperatures. It can be stated that the cryogenic environment has a significant influence on the tribological performance of the polymer composites. The effect of low temperatures was more clearly detected at low sliding speed, where friction heat is reduced. A change in wear mechanism from adhesive to abrasive was observed in this case. SEM and AFM analyses showed that the PTFE matrix composites investigated under these experimental conditions have transferred material onto the disc down to very low temperatures. Chemical analyses indicate the presence of iron fluorides.
Friction systems running in cryogenic environment are critical in respect to wear and frictional heat generation because in this temperature range, conventional lubricants can't be applied. In order to test the friction and wear behaviour of appropriate solid lubricants and wear resistant material combinations in cryogenic environment, including liquid hydrogen, special test rigs have been constructed. These devices provide test conditions for tribological investigations at temperatures ranging from 4.2K to room temperature in liquid or gaseous environment at pressures between 10-3 mbar and 20 bar. Investigations on polymers, composites and metals with and without coatings show that there is a broad variety of appropriate materials for cryogenic friction units, but the behaviour of austenitic steels in such systems gives an example of non sufficient knowledge in this field.