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Environmentally-assisted material degradation involves mass transport and mechanical processes interacting in the material. A well-known example is hydrogen-induced stress-corrosion cracking. One major challenge within this scope is the quantification of the coupling mechanisms in question. The computational modeling of environmentally-assisted cracks is the key objective of this investigation and realised within the theory of gradient-extended dissipative continua with lengthscales. The modeling of sharp crack discontinuities is replaced by a diffusive crack model based on the introduction of a crack phase-field to maintain the evolution of complex crack topologies. Within a thermodynamical framework allowing for mechanical and mass transport processes the crack phasefield is capable to model crack initiation and propagation by the finite element method. As complex crack situations such as crack initiation, curvilinear crack patterns and crack branching are usually hard to realise with sharp crack models, they can be assessed without the requirement of a predefined crack path within this method. The numerical modeling of a showcase demonstrates a crack initiation as well as a crack propagation situation with respect to the determination of stress-intensity factors; a crack deviation situation with a curvilinear crack path is modeled by the introduction of a geometrical perturbation and a locally enhanced species concentration.
Durch ein thermodynamisch konsistentes Phasenfeldmodell kann die Rißinitiierung sowie das Rißwachstum in einem spröden Material mit Hilfe der Finite-Elemente-Methode simuliert werden. Ein diskreter scharfer Riß wird durch einen Regularisierungsansatz in ein Phasenfeld überführt, das einen kontinuierlichen Übergang zwischen Riß und Restmaterial abbildet. Modelle von C(T) - Bruchmechanikproben konnten unter monoton wachsender Belastung simuliert werden. Die Ergebnisse konnten mit analytischen Ergebnissen der linear-elastischen Bruchmechanik verglichen werden. Ablenkungen des Rißpfades konnten durch Modelle von gelochten Proben simuliert werden. An dem Modell eines Dreipunktbiegeversuchs konnte die Rißinitiierung demonstriert werden. Die Kenntnis und Modellierung eines vordefinierten Rißpfades ist bei Verwendung dieses Modells nicht erforderlich, was insbesondere zur Untersuchung von komplexen Rißpfaden von Vorteil sein kann.
Virtual-lab-based determination of a macroscopic yield function for additively manufactured parts
(2018)
This work presents a method for the yield function determination of additively manufactured parts of S316L steel. A crystal plasticity model is calibrated with test results and used afterwards to perform so-called virtual experiments, that account for the specific process-related microstructure including crystallographic and morphological textures. These simulations are undertaken on a representative volume element (RVE), that is generated from EBSD/CT-Scans on in-house additively manufactured specimen, considering grain structure and crystal orientations. The results of the virtual experiments are used to determine an anisotropic Barlat yield function, that can be used in a macroscopical continuum-sense afterwards. This scale-bridging approach enables the calculation of large-scale parts, that would be numerically too expensive to be simulated by a crystal plasticity model.