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- Corrosion chamber (4)
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Eingeladener Vortrag
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In einem Gemeinschaftsprojekt der Stahl- und Automobilindustrie wurden an zwanzig Stählen für Feinblech elastische, plastische und zyklische Kennwerte für die FE-Simulation ermittelt. Die Untersuchungen mit dem Ziel, Eingabekennwerte für FE-Berechnungen zu erhalten, erbrachten einen erheblichen Erfahrungszuwachs im Bereich der Messtechnik sowie der Datenerfassung und -weiterverarbeitung. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Untersuchung und ihre Ergebnisse.
In corrosive environments such as CCS bore holes or geothermal power plants the materials loaded cyclically are also exposed constantly to the highly corrosive hot thermal water. The lifetime reduction of (X46Cr13, AISI 420C) is demonstrated in in-situ-laboratory experiments (T=60 °C, geothermal brine: Stuttgart Aquifer flow rate: 9 Nl/h, CO2). S-N plots, micrographic-, phase-, fractographic- and surface analysis were applied to obtain sustainable information on the corrosion fatigue behavior. Maximum number of cycles (here 12.5 x 106 cycles to failure) is reached at σa =173 MPa. No typical fatigue strength exists and passive corrosion fatigue is most likely failure cause.
The development of procedures to calculate the service life of railway rails requires test results which describe the damage of rails thus affording their validation. Within the DEUFRAKO integrated project NOVUM, ten rail specimens were tested under constant and variable amplitude loads to investigate the propagation of lateral cracks and to ascertain the service life. The test conditions were based on real rail loading and were used in the 3-point-bending test frame under alternating stress. An eccentric notch was applied as pre-arranged damage in the 60 E1 (260) rail specimens. The notched rails showed a similar behaviour like rails with strong head checks damaged by rolling contact fatigue.
On October 24th 1950 the 'Freedom Bell' rung for the first time in the tower of the former West Berlin town hall. One year after the Berlin blockade and at a first climax of the 'Cold War', the 'American National Committee for a Free Europe' donated the bell to the city of West Berlin. The bronze bell has a weight of about 10 tons. Its clapper has a length of 2.40 m and a weight of nearly 1 ton. In 1966 the hanging of the clapper and in 1979 the clapper of the bell broke down. Both failures were found to be caused by fatigue fracture. In 1974, a crack in the bell body was detected. After years of periodic monitoring using non-destructive testing, the crack was closed in 2001.