Filtern
Dokumenttyp
- Beitrag zu einem Tagungsband (24)
- Posterpräsentation (15)
- Zeitschriftenartikel (13)
- Vortrag (3)
Sprache
- Englisch (55) (entfernen)
Schlagworte
- Nano aerial robot (10)
- Swarm (8)
- Mobile Robot Olfaction (7)
- Electronic nose (6)
- Gas sensing (5)
- Environmental monitoring (4)
- TDLAS (4)
- Embedded sensors (3)
- Gas sensors (3)
- Indoor air quality (3)
- LoRaWAN (3)
- Localization (3)
- Long term monitoring (3)
- Multisensor system (3)
- Passive RFID (3)
- Smart sensors (3)
- Smart structures (3)
- Trail detection (3)
- Trail following (3)
- Aerial robot (2)
- Aerial robot olfaction (2)
- Air quality (2)
- Air quality monitoring (2)
- Chemometric techniques (2)
- Digitalisation (2)
- Drop test (2)
- Environment (2)
- Fluorescence (2)
- Gas dispersion simulation (2)
- Gas tomography (2)
- Indoor Localization (2)
- Localization of gas sources (2)
- Mobile Robot (2)
- Mobile robot olfaction (2)
- Monitoring (2)
- NDT Inspection (2)
- Plume (2)
- Remote gas sensor model (2)
- Sensors (2)
- Setup and Validation (2)
- Spectroscopy (2)
- Structural health monitoring (2)
- Tomographic reconstruction of gas plumes (2)
- Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) (2)
- UAV (2)
- UAV-REGAS (2)
- VOC (2)
- Voltammetric electronic tongue (2)
- Wastewater (2)
- Accelerometer (1)
- Ammonia (1)
- Analysis (1)
- Anemometer (1)
- Calibration of electrical quantities (1)
- Calibration of force (1)
- Calibration of temperature (1)
- Civil engineering (1)
- Collision-free navigation (1)
- Concept (1)
- Concrete (1)
- Corresponding relative humidity (1)
- Corrosion (1)
- Digital Certificates (1)
- Digitalisierung (1)
- Drop (1)
- Elastoplastic material parameters (1)
- Embedded sensor (1)
- Embedded system (1)
- Emmbedded sensor (1)
- Environmental analysis (1)
- Estimation (1)
- Fiber optic sensing (1)
- Fluorescence sensor (1)
- Fluorescent sensor (1)
- Fluoreszenz (1)
- Flying platforms (1)
- Frequency response (1)
- GC-MS (1)
- Gas detector (1)
- Gas standard generator (1)
- H2Safety@BAM (1)
- High impact shock application (1)
- Hopkinson Bar (1)
- Hopkinson bar (1)
- Hydrogen (1)
- Hydrogen technology (1)
- Indentation (1)
- Legged robots (1)
- Measurement (1)
- Measurement uncertainty (1)
- Metal oxide semiconductor (1)
- Multirotor aircraft (1)
- Multivariate analysis (1)
- New sensor principles (1)
- Oil (1)
- Oil spills (1)
- Outdoor odor emissions (1)
- PCA (1)
- PH monitoring in concrete (1)
- PLS regression (1)
- Passive sensor interface (1)
- Pattern recognition methods (1)
- Permeation (1)
- Petrol (1)
- Petroleum (1)
- Phototransistor (1)
- Piezoresistive accelerometer (1)
- Porous building materials (1)
- Portable (1)
- Prototyp (1)
- QI Digital (1)
- Quadruped robots (1)
- Quality Infrastructure (1)
- RFID (1)
- RFID based sensors (1)
- RFID sensors (1)
- RFID-based sensors (1)
- Rapid test (1)
- Ratiometric fluorescence (1)
- Reinforced concrete (1)
- Remote gas sensing (1)
- SHM (1)
- SHT (1)
- Safety region model (1)
- Sensor (1)
- Sensoren (1)
- Sensorik (1)
- Sensors in concrete (1)
- Smartphone (1)
- Solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (1)
- Structural Health Monitoring (1)
- TD-GC-MS (1)
- Temperature behavior (1)
- Temperature calibration (1)
- Temperature characteristics (1)
- Test (1)
- Test Streifen (1)
- Test gas generation (1)
- Test strip (1)
- Thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (1)
- Thrust (1)
- UAS (1)
- Uncertainty (1)
- Urban air monitoring (1)
- Wasserstoff (1)
- Water quality (1)
- Water quality control (1)
- WiFi (1)
- Wind (1)
- Wind vector (1)
- Wireless mobile sensor device (1)
- agricultural economy (1)
- embedded sensor (1)
- environment (1)
- fluorescence (1)
- gas analysis (1)
- poultry odorous air monitoring (1)
- spectroscopy (1)
- Öl (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 8.1 Sensorik, mess- und prüftechnische Verfahren (55) (entfernen)
Paper des Monats
- ja (1)
Eingeladener Vortrag
- nein (3)
With the reduction of large oil spills because of stricter regulations and safety measures, the question of how to manage smaller oil spills arises. Few on-site analytical tools are available for first responders or other law enforcement personnel to rapidly test for crude oil in the early management of localized polluted areas. The approach reported here relies on well-described computer-assisted multivariate data analysis of the intrinsic fluorescence fingerprints of crude oils to build a multivariate model for the rapid classification of crude oils and the prediction of their properties. Thanks to a dedicated robust portable reader, the method allowed classification and accurate prediction of various properties of crude oil samples like density (according to API, the American Petroleum Institute and viscosity as well as composition parameters such as volume fractions of paraffins or aromatics. In this way, autonomous operation in on-site or in-the-field applications becomes possible based on the direct (undiluted and untreated) measurement of samples and a rapid, tablet-operated readout system to yield a robust and simple analytical test with superior performance. Testing in real-life scenarios allowed the successful classification and prediction of a number of oil spill samples as well as weathered samples that closely resemble samples collected by first responders.
In many cases, science falls back on self-developed prototype systems, which are used and developed for the measurement and execution of the tasks. About 80 % of the development is based on the same hardware design, which is used in only one application scenario and then discarded. For the most part, there are also uncalibrated sensors, since it is costly to calibrate a complicated sensor measurement system or the entire measurement chain since access to the sensor systems is not always available. This paper describes a conceptual design to implement a versatile sensor system with the motivation to fuse the data recording and data reception, which can cover large areas with the help of LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) technology. To overcome disadvantages of LoRaWAN, namely the slow data rates, the proposed sensor system can also cover smaller areas with the widespread WiFi technology. An enormous advantage over individual complete systems in the form of a prototype, is the rapid expansion, uncomplicated calibration of the individual sensors and the ecological relief.
A modular design is used, where individual stacks with sensors and peripherals can be added separately. The stacks are standalone low-power systems and can be calibrated, maintained, and replaced separately and do not require the entire measurement chain. The measured and sent values are stored locally on the main stack and sent to the data collector (gateway) and evaluated by means of the automated selection between WiFi and LoRaWAN.
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is an important part of buildings surveillance and maintenance to detect material failure as early as possible and to contribute in protection of structures and their users.
The implementation of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensor systems without cable connection and battery into building components offers innovative possibilities to enable long-term in-situ SHM of addressed structures, bridges. The objectives of the presented study are complete embedding of RFID sensors systems in concrete, full passive communication with the systems, at best for the whole life span of structures. One challenge for this task is the highly alkaline environment in concrete, which requires non-degrading and robust encapsulation. Further Requirements are passive communication and energy supply, appropriate antenna design, placement and fixation in concrete, and the selection and implementation of sensors and connections. The concept is to develop and optimize a simple and robust system, which meets the requirements, as well as comprehensive validation in concrete specimen and real world applications. Two different systems were developed (HF and UHF RFID, respectively).
First tasks were the implementation of analog sensors using the superposition principle for the signal adaption. Investigation of suitable materials for robust encapsulation and sensor protection against basic environments.
Four materials were investigated in pH 13 solution for 14 days
- 3D-Printer-Polymer was completely resolved
- PVC has no noticeable decrease in weight
- (VitaPro) glass filter for the sensor protector, has weight loss 2.7 %
- The epoxy resin has increased by 1.8 % due to moisture expansion
Different concrete samples were prepared for the validation of the systems.
RFID sensors were embedded in different integration depths. Investigate the energy- and data transfer through concrete, also with varying moisture content. Additionally, signal strength data was used to optimize and validate the antenna characteristics in concrete. Next steps are to guarantee a sufficient energy supply for UHF RFID systems embedded in different concrete mixtures and further embedding the HF and UHF RFID systems in real bridges and buildings to validate the long term monitoring.
BAM is the German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing and the competent authority for mechanical and thermal safety assessment of transport packages for spent fuel and high level waste. In context with safety assessment of RAM packages BAM performed numerous drop tests in the last decades. The tests were mostly accompanied by extensive and various measurement techniques especially by instrumented measurements with strain gages and accelerometers.
The procedure of drop testing and the resulting measurement analysis are the main methods to evaluate the safety against mechanical test conditions. Measurement techniques are dedicated to answer questions in regard to the structural integrity of a RAM package, the mechanical behavior of the prototype as well as of its content under impact conditions.
Test results like deceleration-time functions constitute a main basis for the validation of assumptions in the safety analysis and for the evaluation of numerical calculations. In this context the adequate selection of accelerometers and measurement systems for the performance of drop tests is important. Therefore it is not only necessary to find suitable positions for the accelerometers at the test specimens, but also to consider technical boundary conditions as e.g. temperature.
One challenge associated with navigating a nano aerial robot swarm indoors in unstructured environments is, i.a., the limited air space. To avoid an over-regulation of the available indoor air space (e.g., prohibit copters to fly above each other), a safety region around each copter must be defined. In this paper, we investigate the impact of the downwash of a nano-drone on the stability of another nearby nano-drone. In the experiments, we found out that this downwash has a negative influence of a second nano-drone in a distance of around 1 m vertically and 0.2 m horizontally. Based on the obtained data, we developed a model describing the above-mentioned safety region to enable a safe operation of the swarm in these environments with fewer constraints.
Using a swarm of copter-based gas-sensitive aerial nano robots for monitoring indoor air quality is challenging due to, e.g., limited air space in buildings. To avoid an over-regulation of the available indoor air space (e.g., prohibit copters to fly above each other), a safety region around each copter must be defined to guarantee a safe operation of the swarm.
The key contributions of this paper are the realization of experiments that investigate the influence of the rotor downwash on flying vertically displaced nano robots and the development of a model describing the above-mentioned safety region.
In this paper, we introduce a nano aerial robot swarm for Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) monitoring applications such as occupational health and safety of (industrial) workplaces. The robotic swarm is composed of nano Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), based on the Crazyflie 2.0 quadrocopter, and small lightweight Metal Oxide (MOX) gas sensors for measuring the Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC), which is a measure for IAQ. An indoor localization and positioning system is used to estimate the absolute 3D position of the swarm similar to GPS. A test scenario was built up to validate and optimize the swarm for the intended applications. Besides calibration of the IAQ sensors, we performed experiments to investigate the influence of the rotor downwash on the gas measurements at different altitudes and compared them with stationary measurements. Moreover, we did a first evaluation of the gas distribution mapping performance. Based on this novel IAQ monitoring concept, new algorithms in the field of Mobile Robot Olfaction (MRO) are planned to be developed exploiting the abilities of an aerial robotic swarm.
In this paper, we introduce a nano aerial robot swarm for Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) monitoring applications such as occupational health and safety of (industrial) workplaces. The robotic swarm is composed of nano Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), based on the Crazyflie 2.0 quadrocopter, and small lightweight Metal Oxide (MOX) gas sensors for measuring the Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC), which is a measure for IAQ. An indoor localization and positioning system is used to estimate the absolute 3D position of the swarm similar to GPS. A test scenario was built up to validate and optimize the swarm for the intended applications. Besides calibration of the IAQ sensors, we performed experiments to investigate the influence of the rotor downwash on the gas measurements at different altitudes and compared them with stationary measurements. Moreover, we did a first evaluation of the gas distribution mapping performance. Based on this novel IAQ monitoring concept, new algorithms in the field of Mobile Robot Olfaction (MRO) are planned to be developed exploiting the abilities of an aerial robotic swarm.
Implementation and validation of robot-enabled embedded sensors for structural health monitoring
(2024)
In the past decades, structural health monitoring (SHM) has matured into a viable supplement to regular inspections, facilitating the execution of repair and maintenance work in the early stages of structural damage. With the advent of wireless technologies and advancements in information and communication technologies, civil infrastructure has been increasingly instrumented with wireless sensor nodes to record, analyze, and communicate data relevant to SHM. A promising method for SHM is to embed sensors directly into concrete for recording SHM data from inside structural elements. In this paper, a sensor system for embedment into concrete is proposed, able to assess SHM data recorded from concrete. Power is supplied to the sensors on-demand by quadruped robots, which also collect the SHM data via radio-frequency identification (RFID), providing an automated and efficient SHM process. In laboratory experiments, the capability of the sensor system of automatically collecting the SHM data using quadruped robots is validated. In summary, the integration of RFID technology and robot-based inspection presented in this study demonstrates a vital approach to evolve current SHM practices towards more digitalized and automated SHM.
In this paper, we present an autonomous aerial robot to reconstruct tomographic 2D slices of gas plumes in outdoor environments. Our platform, the so-called Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Remote Gas Sensing (UAV-REGAS) combines a lightweight Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) sensor with a 3-axis aerial stabilization gimbal for aiming on a versatile octocopter. The TDLAS sensor provides integral gas concentration measurements but no information regarding the distance traveled by the laser diode's beam or the distribution of the gas along the optical path. We complemented the set-up with a laser rangefinder and apply principles of Computed Tomography (CT) to create a model of the spatial gas distribution from these integral concentration measurements. To allow for a rudimentary ground truth evaluation of the applied gas tomography algorithm, we set up a unique outdoor test environment based on two 3D ultrasonic anemometers and a distributed array of 10 infrared gas transmitters. We present first results showing the 2D plume reconstruction capabilities of the system under realistic conditions.