Filtern
Erscheinungsjahr
- 2017 (25) (entfernen)
Dokumenttyp
- Buchkapitel (25) (entfernen)
Schlagworte
- Atemschutz (2)
- Baustoffe (2)
- Druck (2)
- Flaschenventile (2)
- Fluorescence (2)
- ICP-MS (2)
- Lehmbau (2)
- Offshore wind turbines (2)
- Silica (2)
- Tauchen (2)
Welding is the most important joining technology. In the steel construction
industry, e.g. production of windmill sections, welding accounts for a
main part of the manufacturing costs and resource consumption. Moreover, social
issues attached to welding involve working in dangerous environments. This aspect
has unfortunately been neglected so far, in light of a predominant focus on economics
combined with a lack of suitable assessment methods. In this chapter,
exemplary welding processes are presented that reduce the environmental and
social impacts of thick metal plate welding. Social and environmental Life Cycle
Assessments for a thick metal plate joint are conducted for the purpose of
expressing and analysing the social and environmental impacts of welding.
Furthermore, it is shown that state-of-the-art technologies like Gas Metal Arc
Welding with modified spray arcs and Laser Arc-Hybrid Welding serve to increase
social and environmental performance in contrast to common technologies, and
therefore offer great potential for sustainable manufacturing.
Offshore wind turbines enter unknown territory, especially where the foundations are concerned. This is because offshore wind power can only make use of the experience from the common offshore constructions used by the oil and gas industry to a limited extent. The offshore wind industry has tried to reduce foundation dimensions, especially the pile lengths, as much as possible compared with those of the oil and gas industry. This is because with the large number of wind turbines involved it can provide considerable economic advantages. On the other hand, the stability of the foundations is additionally at risk because due to the much larger number of cyclic loads they are subjected to it is very difficult to predict how they will behave. Since offshore wind farms are manufactured in series, every systematic fault in the foundation acts as a series fault for a large number of turbines. This calls for monitoring – and the right dimensions of pile foundation, the most common type of foundations used for wind turbines
Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es zu überprüfen, inwiefern eine Bemessungsvorschrift auf Basis von Teilsicherheitsbeiwerten im Lehmmauerwerksbau möglich ist. Bemessungsvorschriften im konventionellen Mauerwerksbau und im Lehmmauerwerksbau waren aufgrund des prinzipiell gleichen Tragverhaltens stets eng miteinander verknüpft. Die im Rahmen dieser Arbeit durchgeführten Druckversuche an Lehmmauermörtel, Lehmsteinen und Lehmmauerwerk konnten zeigen, dass die Streuungen der Festigkeiten von Lehmbaustoffen aufgrund der industriellen Herstellung sehr gering sind. Es konnte festgestellt werden, dass eine Bemessung auf Grundlage des semiprobabilistischen Bemessungskonzeptes in Anlehnung an den konventionellen Mauerwerksbau möglich ist. Neben einem ersten Vorschlag des Teilsicherheitsbeiwertes für den Lastzustand Druck werden Vorschläge für Prüfvorschriften im Lehmbau beziehungsweise deren Modifikation unterbreitet und künftige Forschungsschwerpunkte herausgearbeitet.