Filtern
Dokumenttyp
- Beitrag zu einem Tagungsband (4)
- Posterpräsentation (3)
- Vortrag (2)
- Zeitschriftenartikel (1)
Referierte Publikation
- nein (10)
Schlagworte
- LIBS (9)
- Circular economy (5)
- Concrete (3)
- Recycling (3)
- Chlorine (2)
- Construction and demolition waste (2)
- Data fusion (2)
- Material classification (2)
- NDT (2)
- Building waste (1)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
- 8.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere (10) (entfernen)
Eingeladener Vortrag
- nein (2)
In a joint project of partners from industry and research, the automated recycling of construction and demolition waste (CDW) is investigated and tested by combing laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Joint processing of information (data fusion) is expected to significantly improve the sorting quality of various materials like concrete, main masonry building materials, organic components, etc., and may enable the detection and separation of impurities such as SO3-cotaining building materials (gypsum, aerated concrete, etc.). The project focuses primarily on the Berlin site to analyze the entire value chain, minimize economic/technological barriers and obstacles at the cluster level, and sustainably increase recovery and recycling rates. First measurements with LIBS and NIR spectroscopy show promising results in distinguishing various material types and indicate the potential for a successful combination. In addition, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy is being performed to obtain more information about the quantitative elemental composition of the different building materials. Future work will apply the developed sorting methodology in a fully automated measurement setup with CDW on a conveyor belt.
LIBS‐ConSort: Development of a sensor‐based sorting method for construction and demolition waste
(2023)
AbstractA joint project of partners from industry and research institutions approaches the challenge of construction and demolition waste (CDW) sorting by investigating and testing the combination of laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) with near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and visual imaging. Joint processing of information (data fusion) is expected to significantly improve the sorting quality of various materials like concrete, main masonry building materials, organic components, etc., and may enable the detection and separation of impurities such as SO3‐cotaining building materials (gypsum, aerated concrete, etc.)Focusing on Berlin as an example, the entire value chain will be analyzed to minimize economic / technological barriers and obstacles at the cluster level and to sustainably increase recovery and recycling rates.The objective of this paper is to present current progress and results of the test stand development combining LIBS with NIR spectroscopy and visual imaging. In the future, this laboratory prototype will serve as a fully automated measurement setup to allow real‐time classification of CDW on a conveyor belt.
Closed material cycles and unmixed material fractions are required to achieve high recovery and recycling rates in the building industry. The growing diversity of construction and demolition waste is leading to increasing difficulties in separating the individual materials. Manual sorting involves many risks and dangers for the executing staff and is merely based on obvious, visually detectable differences for separation. An automated, sensor-based sorting of these building materials could complement or replace this practice to improve processing speed, recycling rates, sorting quality, and prevailing health conditions.
A joint project of partners from industry and research institutions approaches this task by investigating and testing the combination of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and visual (VIS)/ near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Joint processing of information (data fusion) is expected to significantly improve the sorting quality of various materials like concrete, main masonry building materials, organic components, etc., and may enable the detection and separation of impurities such as SO3-containing building materials (gypsum, aerated concrete, etc.). Focusing on Berlin as an example, the entire value chain will be analyzed to minimize economic/technological barriers and obstacles at the cluster level and to sustainably increase recovery and recycling rates.
First LIBS measurements show promising results in distinguishing various material types. A meaningful validation shall be achieved with further practical samples. Future works will investigate the combination of LIBS and VIS/NIR spectroscopy in a fully automated measurement setup with conveyor belt speeds of 3 m/s.
One of the most common causes of damage is the ingress of harmful ions into the concrete, which can lead to deterioration processes and affect structural performance. Therefore, the increasingly aging infrastructure is regularly inspected to assess durability. Regular chemical analysis can be useful to determine the extent and evolution of ion ingress and to intervene in a timely manner. This could prove more economical than extensive repairs for major damage, particularly for critical infrastructure. In addition to already established elemental analysis techniques in civil engineering such as potentiometric titration or X-ray fluorescence analysis, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) can provide further important complementary information and benefits. The possibilities of LIBS are demonstrated using the example of a drill core taken from a parking garage.
Responsible treatment of the environment and resources is a key element of sustainability. The building and construction industry is one of the largest consumers of natural resources. Consequently, there is a particular need for regulations and technologies that help to create closed material cycles. From the technological point of view, such efforts are complicated by the growing material diversity and the amount of composites contained in present and future construction and demolition waste (CDW). Nowadays, simple but proven techniques like manual sorting are mainly used. However, this practice not only poses health risks and dangers to the staff performing the work, but also relies on merely obvious, visually striking differences. Automated, sensor-based sorting of these building materials could complement or replace this practice to improve processing speed, recycling rates, sorting quality, and prevailing health conditions. The preliminary results for the identification of a wide variety of building materials with LIBS are presented.
Geschlossene Materialkreisläufe und sortenreine Materialfraktionen sind erforderlich, um hohe Verwertungs und Recyclingquoten in der Bauindustrie zu erreichen Beim Recycling von Bau und Abbruchabfällen wurden bisher bevorzugt einfache, aber bewährte Techniken eingesetzt, um große Mengen Bauschutt in kurzer Zeit zu verarbeiten Dies steht im Gegensatz zu den immer komplexer werdenden Verbundwerkstoffen in der Mineralbaustoffindustrie Die aktuell oft praktizierte händische Klaubung bürgt viele Risiken und Gefahren für das ausführende Personal und basiert lediglich auf offensichtlichen, visuell erkennbaren Unterschieden zur Trennung Eine automatisierte, sensorgestützte Sortierung dieser Baustoffe könnte diese Praxis ergänzen oder ersetzen, um die Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit, die Recyclingraten, die Sortierqualität und die vorherrschenden Gesundheitsbedingungen zu verbessern.
Geschlossene Materialkreisläufe und sortenreine Materialfraktionen sind erforderlich, um hohe Verwertungs und Recyclingquoten in der Bauindustrie zu erreichen Beim Recycling von Bau und Abbruchabfällen wurden bisher bevorzugt einfache, aber bewährte Techniken eingesetzt, um große Mengen Bauschutt in kurzer Zeit zu verarbeiten Dies steht im Gegensatz zu den immer komplexer werdenden Verbundwerkstoffen in der Mineralbaustoffindustrie Die aktuell oft praktizierte händische Klaubung bürgt viele Risiken und Gefahren für das ausführende Personal und basiert lediglich auf offensichtlichen, visuell erkennbaren Unterschieden zur Trennung Eine automatisierte, sensorgestützte Sortierung dieser Baustoffe könnte diese Praxis ergänzen oder ersetzen, um die Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit, die Recyclingraten, die Sortierqualität und die vorherrschenden Gesundheitsbedingungen zu verbessern.
A joint project of partners from industry and research institutions for the research and construction of an analysis system for an automated, sensor-supported sorting of construction and demolition waste will be presented. This is intended to supplement or replace the previously practiced manual sorting, which harbors many risks and dangers for the staff and only enables obvious, visually detectable differences for separation. The method of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is to be used in combination with hyperspectral sensors. Due to the jointly processed information (data fusion), this should lead to a significant improvement in the separation of types. In addition to the sorting of different materials (concrete, main masonry building materials, organic components, glass, etc.), impurities such as SO3-containing building materials (gypsum, aerated concrete, etc.) could also be detected and separated.
The subsequent recycling and sales opportunities are examined, such as the use of recycled aggregates in concrete, the recycling of building materials containing sulphate as a gypsum substitute for the cement industry or the agglomeration of synthetic lightweight aggregates for lightweight concrete or as a substrate for green roofs. At the same time, it is investigated whether soluble components (sulfates, heavy metals, etc.) can be detected by LIBS without a wet chemical analysis and what impact the recycling materials have on the environment.
The entire value chain is examined using the example of the Berlin location in order to minimize economic / technological barriers and obstacles on a cluster level and to sustainably increase the recovery and recycling rates.
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy – A Tool for Imaging the Chemical Composition of Concrete
(2022)
One of the most common causes of damage is the ingress of harmful ions into the concrete, which can lead to deterioration processes and affect structural performance. Therefore, the increasingly aging infrastructure is regularly inspected to assess durability. Regular chemical analysis can be useful to determine the extent and evolution of ion ingress and to intervene in a timely manner. This could prove more economical than extensive repairs for major damage, particularly for critical infrastructure. In addition to already established elemental analysis techniques in civil engineering such as potentiometric titration or X-ray fluorescence analysis, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) can provide further important complementary information and benefits. The possibilities of LIBS are demonstrated using the example of a drill core taken from a parking garage.
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a spectroscopic method for the analysis of the chemical composition of sample materials. Generally, the measurement of all elements of the periodic table is possible. In particular, light elements such as H, Li, Be, S, C, O, N and halogens can be measured. Calibration with matrix-matching standards allows the quantification of element concentrations. In combination with scanner systems, the two-dimensional element distribution can be determined. Even rough surfaces can be measured by online adjustment of the laser focus. LIBS can also be used on-site with mobile systems. Hand-held systems are available for point measurements.
Common applications include the investigation of material deterioration due to the ingress of harmful ions and their interaction in porous building materials. Due to the high spatial resolution of LIBS and the consideration of the heterogeneity of concrete, the determination of precise input parameters for simulation and modelling of the remaining lifetime of a structure is possible. In addition to the identification of materials, it is also possible to assess the composition for example of hardened concrete, which involves the cement or aggregate type used. Other important fields of application are the detection of environmentally hazardous elements or the material classification for sorting heterogeneous material waste streams during dismantling. Non-contact NDT for “difficult to assess” structures as an example application through safety glass or in combination with robotics and automation are also possible.
In this work, an overview of LIBS investigations on concrete is given based on exemplary laboratory and on-site applications.