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Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi. The contamination of mycotoxins in food and feed products has been recognized to be an important safety issue for human and animal health. In the context of food safety, medical herbs nowadays are also considered as potential source of mycotoxins. Considering that mycotoxins are generally stable compounds and could not be destroyed completely during food-processing operations, prevention of contamination is identified as main issue.
Currently, biochemical, and immunochemical methods based on the use of antibodies as a specific recognition bioreagents are increasingly found to be applied in screening. Along with good common enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), more and more widely used method is fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA). These methods help to monitor of many toxic substances in large number of samples and carried out quickly, easily, cheaply, and give good results in quantifying the one or more substances. That is why the use of immunochemical methods of analysis, such as ELISA and FPIA, is the most promising for solving this problem.
Thus, the aim of our work is to optimize the determination of mycotoxins by ELISA and FPIA in medical herbs. We selected antibodies and a tracer for the FPIA, then we constructed obtained a calibration curve and determined the sensitivity of this method for the samples in aqueous media. Then, the optimal sample preparation was elaborated: for spiked nuts samples were selected and prepared and a calibration curve was obtained with respect to the matrix effect. After that, the analysis of spiked nuts samples was performed by ELISA and FPIA and the sensitivity of both methods was compared.
Pharmacologically active compounds are often detected in wastewater and surface waters. The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac was included in the watch list of substances in the EU that requires their environmental monitoring in the member states. DCF may harmfully influence the ecosystem and the natural organization already at concentrations of ≤1 μg/l. The fast and easy quantification of DCF is becoming a subject of global importance. Fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) is a homogeneous mix-and-read method, which does not require the immobilization of reagents, they can be performed in one phase, making it possible to analyze wastewater without any complicated pre-treatment, performed within 20–30 min.