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- Polymeric flame retardant (2) (entfernen)
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Increasing waste of the natural environment with plastic waste with extremely long lifetime requires more and more the application of plastic materials with a certain degradability, but comparable property profile. One of the possible alternatives for the standard polyesters PET and PBT is offered by poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), an aliphatic and therefore degradable polyester with comparable mechanical properties but lower heat deflection temperature which has already been introduced into the market. However, aliphatic polyesters are easily combustible with high heat release capacities and require flame retardant additives.
Phosphorus-containing polyesters with DOPO (6H Dibenz[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphorin 6-oxide)containing comonomers with stepwise varied structure consisting of (at least partially) biobased monomers were synthesized and their properties evaluated with respect to their suitability as flame retardant in PBS. Efforts to increase the phosphorus content yielded a polyester with two DOPO substituents per repeating unit. P(P-ItaP) showed an enhanced gas phase activity and released a number of DOPO-compounds into the gas phase as found by TGA-FTIR and pyrolysis GC/MS measurements. The char formation is only moderate.
Two DOPO-polyesters (P(P-ItaP) with increased gas phase activity, and PET-P-DOPO known from former work to show a combination of solid phase and gas phase activity with intumescence were employed as FR additive in PBS. The blends of PBS with the DOPO-polyesters were prepared by melt compounding in a twin screw extruder and analyzed with different methods. The thermodynamic immiscibility caused demixed morphologies with a reduction in impact strength and a high tendency of dripping upon burning. Forced flame investigations in the cone calorimeter showed, however, the potential as flame retardant in particular for the itaconyl-based polyester.