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- 2000 (73) (entfernen)
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- Kulturguterhaltung (2)
- MALDI-TOF-MS (2)
- Wirbelstromprüfung (2)
- Ablation (1)
- Abstandsregelung (1)
- Acoustic emission analysis (1)
- Alpha-cordierite (1)
- Analytical Chemistry (1)
- Analytical methods (1)
- Auger electron spectroscopy (1)
Changes in the structure of single-crystal (SC) superalloy SRR99 during creep at 980 °C and 200 MPa were investigated. Geometrical parameters of the y/y'-microstructure, y/y'-misfit, stresses in the phases and local misorientation of the structure were determined at defined points of the dendritic structure by use of X-ray diffraction (XRD), wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDXS), scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. Correlation of the microstructural period and local misorientation of the structure with creep strain were found.
Ablation of indium phosphide wafers in air was performed with 130 fs laser pulses at a wavelength of 800 nm at a low repetition rate of 10 Hz. In order to evaluate the role of the incubation effects, the relationship between the number of laser pulses used for the ablation and the threshold fluence was studied. Particular attention was paid to the chemical composition, surface morphology and structural variations of the ablated area.
Micromachining experiments were performed with Ti:sapphire laser pulses (130 fs - 150 fs, 800 nm, approximately 10 Hz) in air. Employing the direct focusing technique, highly absorbing titanium nitride (TiN) and weakly absorbing polyimide (PI) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) served as target materials. The lateral and vertical precision of the laser ablation and morphological features were characterized by scanning force (SFM), scanning electron (SEM) and optical microscopy. For TiN, incubation can be observed, i.e. the single-pulse surface damage threshold (0.26 J/cm2) is by a factor of two greater than the threshold for 100 pulses. Ablation rates below 10 nm per pulse can be achieved. The evolution of sub-wavelength ripples is presented in dependence on pulse number and laser fluence, respectively. The incubation behavior of the polymers can be described by an accumulation model as for TiN. Experiments on PI with varying focal lengths result in the same modification thresholds. Different polarization states of light (linear, circular) lead to a variation of the ablation rate and to various morphological patterns in the ablation craters (wavelength ripples, cones). Swelling of PMMA occurred at fluences below the ablation threshold.
Mode I fracture toughness tests on Double Cantilever Beam specimens from carbon-fibre and glassfibre reinforced polymer-matrix composites were monitored with Acoustic Emission (AE) and loaddisplacement traces and delamination lengths were recorded. AE characterized the kinetics of delamination propagation. The progress of AE activity and AE intensity with load and AE source location plots are used to determine the delamination onset on the microscopic and macroscopic scale.
Energy dissipating processes initiated in the damage zone near the delamination tip. Low Interface adhesion results in lower debonding stresses and larger damage zones compared with composites with good adhesion. Time-dependent linear location of AE sources yields the average length of the damage zone and the average speed of delamination propagation. Parameter analysis has been used empirically for identifying AE source mechanisms. A new Classification Software for transient AE waveforms permits identification of the source mechanism of individual AE signals. A micro-mechanical fracture model based on the AE results describes the contributions of microscopic matrix and Interface mechanisms to the interlaminar fracture energy.
Methodical aspects of soil sampling regarding the requirements of the federal soil protection act
(2000)
Bone development and bone structure depend on surface roughness and structure of metalic implants
(2000)
Seit 25 Jahren betreibt die Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung intensive Forschung auf dem Gebiet der Eisenbahndynamik unter realistischer Einbeziehung des Gleisuntergrundes. Das umfaßt theoretisch/numerische Arbeiten, Feldmessungen und Labor-, Modell- und Elementversuche zu den folgenden Fragen:
-die Erschütterungs- und Körperschallweiterleitung durch den natürlichen Boden,
- das Schwingungsverhalten der verschiedenen Fahrwege auf speziellen Boden- und Schotterschichten,
- die dynamischen Kräfte während der Überfahrt des Fahrzeugs sowie
- das Setzungs- und Differenzsetzungsverhalten verschiedener Gleisstrukturen.
Es werden Rechen- und Meßergebnisse zum Vergleich der Festen Fahrbahn und des Schottergleises vorgestellt und daraus Möglichkeiten für die weitere Verbesserung von Bahnfahrwegen gefolgert. Eine wesentliche Rolle kommt dabei der Wechselwirkung von Platten und steifen Declcschichten mit dem umgebenden Boden zu, deren Theorie in der BAM in den 90er Jahren weiterentwickelt wurde.