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Tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) is an industrial scale starting material e.g. for polymer production (PTFE, FEP). When ignited the chemically unstable TFE is capable to decompose in an explosive way. Explosion propagation through pipe systems of production plants have led to damage and fatalities within the last 7 decades.
Incident analyses identified compression heat a relevant source of ignition. Chemical plants consist of pipes, vessels, separating valves, strainers and other components. Before restarting the process after maintenance work different parts of the plant components could be filled with TFE, Nitrogen or Air at different initial pressures ranging from vacuum or atmospheric to TFE at operating pressure. Valve opening procedures may cause a temperature increase in the gas phase. Compression takes place at polytropic conditions. Heat losses cannot be neglected. Therefore the temperature development in the gas depends upon the surface-to-volume-ratio of the enclosure, geometrical influences, the state of gas flow, how fast the valve opens and the heat capacity of the gas being compressed.
In the present work initial test results from a 2.5” pipe will be compared with existing 1.1” pipe data. Geometrical effects will be briefly discussed as well as some first results concerning the influence of orifices are reported. Furthermore a method allowing for the identification of hazardous initial conditions is discussed.