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Organisationseinheit der BAM
Korrosionsmonitoring von Stahl- oder Spannbetonbauwerken hat in den vergangenen Jahren als Ergänzung zur herkömmlichen Bauwerksuntersuchung deutlich an Relevanz gewonnen. Einsatzgebiete sind z. B. Bauteile, die nach Fertigstellung nicht mehr zugänglich sind oder an denen aufgrund vorhandener Beschichtungen keine Potentialfeldmessungen durchgeführt werden können. Weiterhin kann Korrosionsmonitoring auch für die Überwachung des Korrosionsfortschritts an korrodierenden Systemen z. B. zum Nachweis des Instandsetzungserfolgs bei Anwendung des Prinzips W-Cl gemäß Instandsetzungsrichtlinie des DAfStb oder zum Funktionsnachweis bei KKS-Installationen nach DIN EN ISO 12696 eingesetzt werden. Trotz zunehmender Bedeutung Existieren für das Korrosionsmonitoring bis dato keine Richtlinien oder Handlungsempfehlungen. Diese Lücke soll das Merkblatt B12 „Korrosionsmonitoring von Stahl- und Spannbetonbauwerken“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für
zerstörungsfreie Prüfung DGZfP füllen, das im Frühjahr 2018
veröffentlicht wurde. In diesem Beitrag werden das Merkblatt B12 vorgestellt, die grundlegenden Messprinzipien erläutert und anhand von Anwendungsbeispielen das Potenzial von Korrosionsmonitoring bei Neubau- und Bestandsobjekten illustriert.
Processing ultrasonic data by coda wave interferometry to monitor load tests of concrete beams
(2018)
Ultrasonic transmission measurements have been used for decades to monitor concrete elements, mostly on a laboratory scale. Recently, coda wave interferometry (CWI), a technique adapted from seismology, was introduced to civil engineering experiments. It can be used to reveal subtle changes in concrete laboratory samples and even large structural elements without having a transducer directly at the place where the change is taking place. Here, several load tests until failure on large posttensioned concrete beams have been monitored using networks of embedded transducers. To detect subtle effects at the beginning of the experiments and cope with severe changes due to cracking close to failure, the coda wave interferometry procedures had to be modified to an adapted step-wise approach. Using this methodology, we were able to monitor stress distribution and localize large cracks by a relatively simple technique. Implementation of this approach on selected real structures might help to make decisions in infrastructure asset management.
This article introduces an approach and framework for the quantification of the value of structural health monitoring (SHM) in the context of the structural risk and integrity management for systems. The quantification of the value of SHM builds upon the Bayesian decision and utility theory, which facilitates the assessment of the value of information associated with SHM. The principal approach for the quantification of the value of SHM is formulated by modeling the fundamental decision of performing SHM or not in conjunction with their expected utilities. The expected utilities are calculated accounting for the probabilistic performance of a system in conjunction with the associated structural integrity and risk management actions throughout the life cycle, the associated benefits, structural risks, and costs and when performing SHM, the SHM information, their probabilistic outcomes, and costs. The calculation of the expected utilities necessitates a comprehensive and rigorous modeling, which is introduced close to the original formulations and for which analysis characteristics and simplifications are described and derived. The framework provides the basis for the optimization of the structural risk and integrity management based on utility gains including or excluding SHM and inspection information. Studies of fatigue deteriorating structural Systems and their characteristics (1) provide decision Support for the performance of SHM, (2) explicate the influence of the structural component and system characteristics on the value of SHM, and (3) demonstrate how an integral optimization of SHM and inspection strategies for an efficient structural risk and integrity management can be performed.