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The energy efficiency rating on the European Union energy label for cooking fume extractors is based on measurements of the flow rate and static pressure difference within the duct behind the cooking fume extractor according to standard EN 61591:1997/A12:2015 and regulation (EU) No 65/2014. These measurements do not enable a definite conclusion about the cooking fume extractor’s air purification performance.Measurements which evaluate the air purification performance directly would be more valuable for consumers.
In this thesis, a test method was developed that enables the energy efficiency rating of cooking fume extractors based on a direct measurement of the air purification by measuring the captured and filtered oil mist. The test method also enables the rating of cooking fume extractors that operate in recirculation mode, which is not possible using the current standard EN 61591:1997/A12:2015.
The performance rating based on removed oil mist requires a reproducible generation of oil mist. Furthermore, the generated oil mist should resemble the oil mist from common cooking scenarios to give meaningful performance ratings. The oil mist from the grease absorption test according to standard EN 61591:1997/A12:2015 was taken as a reference oil mist for common cooking scenarios. A round robin test revealed that the oil mist generation with the grease absorption test from the standard is not reproducible enough for performance tests. The oil mist generation with atomizer nozzles was found more suitable for the reproducible generation of an oil mist.
Two different atomizers were analyzed by measuring the properties of generated oil mist and by applying them in performance tests on cooking fume extractors. One “mantled atomizer” was bought from the market and one “open atomizer” was developed specifically for the test of cooking fume extractors.
It was found that an oil mist with similar properties compared to the reference oil mist can be generated with the design of the open atomizer. The proposed test method using the open atomizer led to a better repeatability compared to the grease absorption tests according to the current standard and has the potential to improve the reproducibility. The results suggest that the proposed test method could be used for standardized testing which would enable more meaningful energy efficiency ratings and the rating of cooking fume extractors that operate in recirculation mode.
Several models of range hoods were tested by independent and accredited testing institutes. The results have been compared to the information declared by the manufacturer on the energy efficiency label and the product fiche. The measured electric power input of the lighting System and the measured grease absorption factor often differed significantly from the declared values.
The reasons for these observations and the necessary steps to ensure accurate measurements and a meaningful EU energy efficiency label are elucidated. It is suggested that the ranges of the lighting efficiency classes are readjusted to fit the nowadays prevalent LED technology.
Furthermore the tolerance in the regulation for the nominal electric power input of the lighting could be extended by a minimum absolute tolerance. The grease absorption test method may need a rework to achieve a satisfying accuracy.
The EU’s Ecodesign and Energy Labelling Regulations for domestic cooking appliances became legally binding in 2015. To determine the classes on the energy label, the regulations refer to the European Standard for performance measurements of range hoods EN 61591. The standard EN 61591 has been analysed and evaluated within the National Action Plan on Energy Efficiency (NAPE), a government programme that aims to increase the energy efficiency in Germany. The analysis revealed several drawbacks of the test standard. The standard used for the evaluation of range hoods is composed of methods for determining: (i) volumetric airflow, (ii) odour extraction, (iii) effectiveness of the lighting system and (iv) grease absorption. Currently, the grease absorption class is obtained by heating up oil and water in a pot, which creates vapour and splashes of grease. In this paper different alternative methods for the evaluation of the grease absorption efficiency will be discussed. In the proposed test method an atomizer nozzle is used. Consequently, the exact amount of atomized oil is known and the ratio of filtered to atomized oil can be measured. Thereby the proposed new method is able to take into account aerodynamic designs and leaks. Furthermore, it enables to alter the classification guideline of the energy label to give more significant and consumer relevant declarations. It allows manufacturers to develop innovative grease absorption methods with little airflow. This study revealed that it can be beneficial to review more of the existing standards in the light of improving their consumer relevance.