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- Bauwerke (4) (entfernen)
Organisationseinheit der BAM
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- 7.2 Ingenieurbau (2)
In the last three decades, the vibrations of many floors and bridges have been measured. The contribution shows some evaluation methods, experimental results and some modelling and theoretical results. Simple evaluation methods have been developed for single and coupled floors. Two coupled beams have been measured in good agreement with the theory. A more complex coupling model has been found for a large wooden floor in a castle consisting of six floor bays which correlates well with the measurements. Damaged and intact poles have been tested by their natural frequencies and damping values, and a fair correlation between the degree of damage and the shift of the frequency. Road bridges have been analysed in detail and some examples are presented. Railway bridges and trains are studied for resonant excitation. The risk of resonance can be estimated in frequency domain by using axle-sequence spectra of the train and the natural frequencies of the bridge. A measurement example shows the amplification, but even stronger the cancellation of the subsequent axle responses. Several high-speed trains and freight trains have been analysed for their potential resonance amplification.
In the last three decades, the vibrations of many floors and bridges have been measured. The contribution shows some evaluation methods, experimental results and some modelling and theoretical results. Simple evaluation methods have been developed for single and coupled floors. Two coupled beams have been measured in good agreement with the theory. A more complex coupling model has been found for a large wooden floor in a castle consisting of six floor bays which correlates well with the measurements. Damaged and intact poles have been tested by their natural frequencies and damping values, and a fair correlation between the degree of damage and the shift of the frequency. Road bridges have been analysed in detail and some examples are presented. Railway bridges and trains are studied for resonant excitation. The risk of resonance can be estimated in frequency domain by using axle-sequence spectra of the train and the natural frequencies of the bridge. A measurement example shows the amplification, but even stronger the cancellation of the subsequent axle responses. Several high-speed trains and freight trains have been analysed for their potential resonance amplification.
Die Weiterentwicklung der Verfahren und Techniken zur dauerhaften Überwachung von Bauwerken ist Gegenstand zahlreicher Forschungs- und Entwicklungsvorhaben. Der praktische Einsatz dieser Verfahren beschränkt sich bisher jedoch auf durchaus zahlreiche, jedes für sich jedoch sehr konkrete Einzelprobleme beschreibende Projekte. Einer flächendeckenden Anwendung stehen häufig – berechtigte oder unberechtigte – Bedenken zur Effizienz dieser Verfahren im Vergleich zu baupraktisch etablierten Verfahren wie z. B. regelmäßigen Bauwerksinspektionen entgegen. Weiterführende Aspekte wie optimierte Wartungskonzepte oder Lebensdauerprognosen zur begründeten Priorisierung von Ertüchtigungsmaßnahmen sind aufgrund des Fehlens zeitnah realisierbarer, monetärer Vorteile oftmals schwer vermittelbar. Dieser Beitrag soll einige grundlegende Ziele aktueller Monitoringkonzepte anhand von Projektbeispielen der BAM aufzeigen, um die Potentiale dieser Verfahren zu verdeutlichen und mögliche sinnvolle Anwendungsgebiete zu erschließen. Im Vordergrund dieses Übersichtsbeitrages stehen dabei die grundlegenden Ideen und Ziele dieser Projekte; bezüglich der Ergebnisse wird auf die entsprechenden Fachveröffentlichungen verwiesen.