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Aufbau eines historischen Mauerwerkskörpers ("Obelix") zur Bewertung von zerstörungsfreien Verfahren
(2004)
Zusammenfassung
Auf dem Gelände der BAM entstand im Frühjahr 2003 ein Probekörper, der die Verbindung bildet zwischen Laborprüfkörpern und realen Bauwerken aus Mauerwerk. Er dient der Validierung und Weiterentwicklung von zerstörungsfreien Prüfverfahren zur Untersuchung von historischem Mauerwerk. Dabei wurde große Sorgfalt auf die Materialauswahl und den strukturellen Aufbau gelegt. Die Materialien sollten denen von realen, historischen Bauwerken entsprechen. Der strukturelle Aufbau ergibt sich aus praxisrelevanten Fragestellungen. Der Probekörper steht auch anderen Arbeitsgruppen für Verfahrensvalidierungen zur Verfügung.
The Protocol Gap
(2021)
Although peer review is considered one of the main pillars of modern science, experimental methods and protocols seem to be not a rigorous subject of this process in many papers. Commercial equipment, test kits, labeling kits, previously published concepts, and standard protocols are often considered to be not worth a detailed description or validation. Even more disturbing is the extremely biased citation behavior in this context, which sometimes leads to surrogate citations to avoid low-impact journals, preprints, or to indicate traditional practices. This article describes some of these surprising habits and suggests some measures to avoid the most unpleasant effects, which in the long term may undermine the credibility of science as a whole.
Referee Report 06 March 2017
(2017)
In the approval procedure of transport packages for radioactive materials, the competent authority mechanical and thermal safety assessment is carried out in Germany by BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing. The combination of experimental investigations and numerical calculations in conjunction with materials and components testing is the basis of the safety assessment concept of the BAM. Among other mechanical test scenarios, a 1 metre drop test onto a steel bar has to be considered for the application of the hypothetical accident conditions to Type B packages according to IAEA regulations. Within the approval procedure for the new German package design of the HLW cask CASTOR® HAW 28M, designed by GNS Gesellschaft für Nuklear-Service Germany, a puncture drop test was performed with a half-scale model of the cask at -40°C. For independent assessment and to control the safety analysis presented by the applicant, BAM developed a complex finite element (FE) model for a dynamical ABAQUS/ExplicitTM analysis. This paper describes in detail the use of the FE method for modelling the puncture drop test within an actual assessment strategy. At first, investigations of the behaviour of the steel bar were carried out. Different friction coefficients and the material law of the bar were analysed by using a 'rigid-body' approximation for the cask body. In the next step, a more detailed FE model with a more realistic material definition for the cask body was developed. The validation of calculated strains was carried out by comparison with the results of the strain gauges located at the relevant points of the cask model. The influence of the FE meshing is described. Finally, the validated FE half-scale model was expanded to full-scale dimension. Scaling effects were analysed. The model was used for safety assessment of the package to be approved.