Filtern
Dokumenttyp
Sprache
- Englisch (3)
Referierte Publikation
- ja (3)
Schlagworte
- IUPAC physical and biophysical chemistry division (3) (entfernen)
This document deals with the characterization of porous materials having pore widths in the macropore range of 50 nm to 500 µm. In recent years, the development of advanced adsorbents and catalysts (e.g., monoliths having hierarchical pore networks) has brought about a renewed interest in macropore structures. Mercury intrusionextrusion porosimetry is a well-established method, which is at present the most widely used for determining the macropore size distribution. However, because of the reservations raised by the use of mercury, it is now evident that the principles involved in the application of mercury porosimetry require reappraisal and that alternative methods are worth being listed and evaluated. The reliability of mercury porosimetry is discussed in the first part of the report along with the conditions required for its safe use. Other procedures for macropore size analysis, which are critically examined, include the intrusion of other non-wetting liquids and certain wetting liquids, capillary condensation, liquid permeation, imaging, and image analysis. The statistical reconstruction of porous materials and the use of macroporous reference materials (RMs) are also examined. Finally, the future of macropore analysis is discussed.
Procedures for the characterization of photoluminescence measuring systems are discussed, focusing on spectrofluorometers and fit-for-purpose methods including suitable standards. The aim here is to increase the awareness for the importance of a reliable instrument characterization and to improve the reliability and comparability of measurements of photoluminescence.
Chromophore-based fluorescence standards for the characterization of photo-luminescence measuring systems and the determination of relevant fluorometric quantities are classified according to their scope and area of application. General and type-specific requirements for suitable standards are derived for each class of standards. Metrological requirements linked to the realization of comparable measurements are addressed and recommendations on selecting, using, and developing fluorescence standards are given.