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In context with new cask designs and their approval procedure, the experimental testing of impact limiters under drop test conditions becomes more and more important in order to assess the damage mechanics behaviour and safety margins for validation reasons. In recent years, various designs of impact limiters have been tested by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing within specific component testing and particularly with regard to type B package design approval procedures. The paper focuses on the experimental realisation of impact limiter tests and presents implemented measurement techniques to determine the amount of deformation and to explain the impact behaviour by means of photogrammetric metrology and three-dimensional fringe projection method, high speed motion analysis and adjusted deceleration measurements.
The space heating system accounts for 20%~50% of building energy consumption, and may lead to energy waste due to unreasonable controls. In this study, an energy-efficient floor heating system with intelligent control was proposed to improve energy efficiency of the system. In order to validate the concept of the proposed intelligent control, an experimental system was designed and constructed in Chengdu, China. Temperature, control cycle and energy consumption were then studied under different control strategies. The result shows that a larger flow rate of supply water will result in a longer control cycle and a lower control frequency, i.e., the average control cycle at 7 L min−1 is 1.7 h during the test day, while it is 1.5 h at 5 L min−1. Moreover, adopting water with a higher temperature and flow rate could achieve a higher efficiency of the system. The energy consumptions in case 1 (5 L min−1, 50 °C), case 2 (5 L min−1, 55 °C), case 5 (7 L min−1, 55 °C) and case 6 (7 L min−1, 60 °C) are 4746 kJ, 3534 kJ, 3093 kJ and 3028 kJ, respectively. Based on the experimental data, the supply water temperature is suggested to set lower than 60 °C considering human comfort.
The German Federal Police approached the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, BAM) with the question whether different machines, which are available in public areas, provide a certain amount of protection against the effects of explosions/detonation. The devices of interest were ticket vending machines, found on train Station platforms, as well as x-ray Scanners used for examining luggage or mail at airports and Offices, respectively. A series of experiments was carried out using a number of different explosives, e.g. plastic explosives, improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and pyrotechnic articles. Documentation was done applying video and highspeed video recordings, pressure measurements etc. The results of these experiments are currently under discussion among the different authorities. The final report shall then be used as a basis for further discussions about possible changes in guidelines and legislation in order to further increase the level of public safety.