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Improved air-coupled ultrasonic transmission using pulse compression

  • Air-coupled ultrasonic testing avoids contamination and reduces maintenance costs, but suffers from poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) due to impedance mismatch. Rather than developing new transducers, this study improves SNR through signal processing by adapting pulse compression from radar.We propose a method using unipolar square pulses to make pulse compression compatible with non-linear transducers such as ferroelectrets and thermoacoustic emitters. Instead of relying on analytical models, a reference transmission measurement served as the matched filter, simplifying implementation and ensuring adaptability across transducer types. We evaluated unipolar coded excitation and pulse compression on ultrasonic transmission through a 25mm polyvinyl chloride plate, varying code length and pulse delay. Significant SNR gains were observed across transducers, particularly with longer delays. These results confirm that pulse compression enhances peak localization and supports testing underAir-coupled ultrasonic testing avoids contamination and reduces maintenance costs, but suffers from poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) due to impedance mismatch. Rather than developing new transducers, this study improves SNR through signal processing by adapting pulse compression from radar.We propose a method using unipolar square pulses to make pulse compression compatible with non-linear transducers such as ferroelectrets and thermoacoustic emitters. Instead of relying on analytical models, a reference transmission measurement served as the matched filter, simplifying implementation and ensuring adaptability across transducer types. We evaluated unipolar coded excitation and pulse compression on ultrasonic transmission through a 25mm polyvinyl chloride plate, varying code length and pulse delay. Significant SNR gains were observed across transducers, particularly with longer delays. These results confirm that pulse compression enhances peak localization and supports testing under low-SNR conditions. Further experiments showed that pulse compression remains effective despite side lobe overlap and noise, provided the pulse delay is chosen appropriately. Although SNR prediction is limited by electrical and acoustic interference, the method consistently improves detection. Overall, the results demonstrate the feasibility of unipolar excitation coding for pulse compression in air-coupled ultrasonic testing, with practical value for thick or attenuating materials.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Metadaten
Autor*innen:Mate GaalORCiD, Pascal WernickeORCiD
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenartikel
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):IEEE Open Journal of Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2026
Organisationseinheit der BAM:8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung
8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung / 8.4 Akustische und elektromagnetische Verfahren
Veröffentlichende Institution:Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
Verlag:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Jahrgang/Band:6
Erste Seite:9
Letzte Seite:16
Freie Schlagwörter:Air-coupled ultrasound; Coded excitation; Pulse compression; Transducers
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM:Infrastruktur
Infrastruktur / Leichtbau
DOI:10.1109/OJUFFC.2026.3659047
URN:urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-655005
ISSN:2694-0884
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")
Lizenz (Deutsch):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
Datum der Freischaltung:12.02.2026
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation:02.03.2026
Schriftenreihen ohne Nummerierung:Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM
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