Characterization of overdischarge-related degradation in commercial sodium-ion cells

  • Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have recently gained significant attention as a cost-effective and sustainable alternative to lithium-ion batteries for large-scale energy storage applications and battery-electric vehicles. With their ability to be fully discharged to 0 V, they allow much safer handling and transport. The reversibility of such a complete discharge is, however, debated as the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed by commonly used electrolytes in SIBs becomes unstable at low full-cell voltages. In the present study, the effects of overdischarging SIBs and the implications on their long-term impedance degradation are investigated for commercial SIB-cells, comprising sodium nickel manganese iron oxide (NaNi0.33Mn0.33Fe0.33O2) as cathode active material. During the study, extensive characterization measurements (e.g., electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, open-circuit voltage analysis, etc.) were performed at various stages of degradation. This allows the monitoring ofSodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have recently gained significant attention as a cost-effective and sustainable alternative to lithium-ion batteries for large-scale energy storage applications and battery-electric vehicles. With their ability to be fully discharged to 0 V, they allow much safer handling and transport. The reversibility of such a complete discharge is, however, debated as the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed by commonly used electrolytes in SIBs becomes unstable at low full-cell voltages. In the present study, the effects of overdischarging SIBs and the implications on their long-term impedance degradation are investigated for commercial SIB-cells, comprising sodium nickel manganese iron oxide (NaNi0.33Mn0.33Fe0.33O2) as cathode active material. During the study, extensive characterization measurements (e.g., electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, open-circuit voltage analysis, etc.) were performed at various stages of degradation. This allows the monitoring of the electrochemical characteristics of the tested SIBs. Notably, the long-term degradation behavior of the cells was significantly affected, indicating lasting changes in the passivating properties of the altered SEI. Finally, the results show that overdischarging can indeed cause irreversible changes in sodium-ion batteries, emphasizing the need to enhance their stability at low full-cell voltages to make the best possible use of their potential safety features.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Autor*innen:Robert LeonhardtORCiD
Koautor*innen:Philippa ScharpmannORCiD, Tim TichterORCiD, Anita SchmidtORCiD, Julia KowalORCiD, Jonas Krug von NiddaORCiD
Dokumenttyp:Vortrag
Veröffentlichungsform:Präsentation
Sprache:Englisch
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2025
Organisationseinheit der BAM:3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher
3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher / 3.1 Sicherheit von Gefahrgutverpackungen und Batterien
DDC-Klassifikation:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Angewandte Physik
Freie Schlagwörter:Battery degradation and aging; Impedance spectroscopy; Overdischarge of sodium ion batteries; Solid electrolyte interphase
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM:Energie
Energie / Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung
Veranstaltung:SBS6 – International Sodium Battery Symposium
Veranstaltungsort:Dresden, Germany
Beginndatum der Veranstaltung:03.09.2025
Enddatum der Veranstaltung:04.09.2025
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Datum der Freischaltung:10.12.2025
Referierte Publikation:Nein
Eingeladener Vortrag (wissenschaftliche Konferenzen):Nein
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