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Methodology for Assessing Phosphorus Adsorption Kinetics in Novel Constructed Wetland Materials

  • Although various special materials have been studied for their potential for phosphorus removal in constructed wetlands, varying methodologies make direct comparisons of adsorption capacities observed in laboratory experiments difficult. This paper aims to establish a methodology for determining the optimal ratio of phosphate to material mass for different materials and for achieving the necessary contact time for adsorption isotherms. To minimise the number of experiments required, pretests over 24 h should be repeated to determine the phosphate-specific ratios until they show around 60% of the initial concentration. The tested materials included lava sand and expanded sand (ExS), which showed saturating kinetics curves after 24 to 48 h. However, aggregates containing calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) phases (autoclaved aerated concrete AAC, sand–lime brick SLB, and hydrothermal granules HTG) did not show saturating curves, complicating contact time determination. Consequently,Although various special materials have been studied for their potential for phosphorus removal in constructed wetlands, varying methodologies make direct comparisons of adsorption capacities observed in laboratory experiments difficult. This paper aims to establish a methodology for determining the optimal ratio of phosphate to material mass for different materials and for achieving the necessary contact time for adsorption isotherms. To minimise the number of experiments required, pretests over 24 h should be repeated to determine the phosphate-specific ratios until they show around 60% of the initial concentration. The tested materials included lava sand and expanded sand (ExS), which showed saturating kinetics curves after 24 to 48 h. However, aggregates containing calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) phases (autoclaved aerated concrete AAC, sand–lime brick SLB, and hydrothermal granules HTG) did not show saturating curves, complicating contact time determination. Consequently, adsorption velocity is proposed to identify the phase with the lowest adsorption rate, which is then used as the contact time in adsorption isotherm experiments. Using this method, adsorption times of 48 h were observed for HTG and SLB, while that for AAC was 24 h. This methodology is intended as an initial approach to establish a common basis for researchers investigating novel materials and make the results comparable.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Autor*innen:Verena HilgenfeldtORCiD, Katrin RübnerORCiD, Andreas Hahn, Heidrun SteinmetzORCiD
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenartikel
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):Purification
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2025
Organisationseinheit der BAM:7 Bauwerkssicherheit
7 Bauwerkssicherheit / 7.4 Baustofftechnologie
Veröffentlichende Institution:Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
Verlag:MDPI AG
Verlagsort:Basel, Switzerland
Jahrgang/Band:1
Ausgabe/Heft:2
Aufsatznummer:7
Erste Seite:1
Letzte Seite:20
DDC-Klassifikation:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Ingenieurbau
Freie Schlagwörter:CSH; Contact time experiments; Filter substrates; Material evaluation; Methodology development; Phosphate elimination
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM:Infrastruktur
Infrastruktur / Green Intelligent Building
DOI:10.3390/purification1020007
URN:urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-647443
ISSN:3042-6197
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")
Lizenz (Deutsch):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
Datum der Freischaltung:19.11.2025
Referierte Publikation:Nein
Schriftenreihen ohne Nummerierung:Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM
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