Rob Wolfs, Jelle Versteegen, Manu Santhanam, Shantanu Bhattacherjee, Freek Bos, Annika Robens-Radermacher, Shravan Muthukrishnan, Costantino Menna, Onur Ozturk, Nilufer Ozyurt, Josef Roupec, Christiane Richter, Jörg Jungwirth, Luiza Miranda, Rebecca Ammann, Jean-François Caron, Victor de Bono, Renate Monte, Iván Navarrete, Claudia Eugenin, Hélène Lombois‑Burger, Bilal Baz, Maris Sinka, Alise Sapata, Ilhame Harbouz, Yamei Zhang, Zijian Jia, Jacques Kruger, Jean‑Pierre Mostert, Katarina Šter, Aljoša Šajna, Abdelhak Kaci, Said Rahal, Chalermwut Snguanyat, Arun Arunothayan, Zengfeng Zhao, Inka Mai, Inken Jette Rasehorn, David Böhler, Niklas Freund, Dirk Lowke, Tobias Neef, Markus Taubert, Daniel Auer, C. Maximilian Hechtl, Maximilian Dahlenburg, Laura Esposito, Richard Buswell, John Kolawole, Muhammad Nura Isa, Xingzi Liu, Zhendi Wang, Kolluru Subramaniam, Viktor Mechtcherine
- This paper discusses the flexural and tensile strength properties of 3D printed concrete, based on the results of a RILEM TC 304-ADC interlaboratory study on mechanical properties. These properties are determined using different testing techniques, including 3- and 4-point flexural tests, splitting tests, and uniaxial tension tests, on specimens extracted from large 3D printed elements in accordance with a prescribed study plan. The relationship between compressive and flexural or tensile strengths, cast or printed samples, different types of tests, and different loading orientations, are analysed to understand the influence of 3D printing. As expected, the strength can reduce significantly when the main tensile stress is acting perpendicular to the interface between layers. The role of deviations from the standard study procedure, in terms of the time interval between the placing of subsequent layers, or the adoption of a different curing strategy, are also assessed. While theThis paper discusses the flexural and tensile strength properties of 3D printed concrete, based on the results of a RILEM TC 304-ADC interlaboratory study on mechanical properties. These properties are determined using different testing techniques, including 3- and 4-point flexural tests, splitting tests, and uniaxial tension tests, on specimens extracted from large 3D printed elements in accordance with a prescribed study plan. The relationship between compressive and flexural or tensile strengths, cast or printed samples, different types of tests, and different loading orientations, are analysed to understand the influence of 3D printing. As expected, the strength can reduce significantly when the main tensile stress is acting perpendicular to the interface between layers. The role of deviations from the standard study procedure, in terms of the time interval between the placing of subsequent layers, or the adoption of a different curing strategy, are also assessed. While the increased time interval significantly impacts the strength in the critical direction, the use of variable curing conditions does not seem to have a clear-cut effect on the strength ratios of the printed to cast specimens. Additionally, the paper looks at the variability in the results for the printed specimens, in order to emphasize the need for multiple replicates for obtaining a proper result. An extensive insight into the aspects affecting the variability is presented in the paper. Finally, with the limited dataset available for specimens tested at a larger scale, it is difficult to arrive at a clear understanding of the role of specimen size (i.e., greater number of layers).…


Metadaten| Autor*innen: | Rob WolfsORCiD, Jelle VersteegenORCiD, Manu SanthanamORCiD, Shantanu BhattacherjeeORCiD, Freek BosORCiD, Annika Robens-RadermacherORCiD, Shravan MuthukrishnanORCiD, Costantino MennaORCiD, Onur OzturkORCiD, Nilufer OzyurtORCiD, Josef Roupec, Christiane RichterORCiD, Jörg JungwirthORCiD, Luiza MirandaORCiD, Rebecca AmmannORCiD, Jean-François CaronORCiD, Victor de BonoORCiD, Renate MonteORCiD, Iván NavarreteORCiD, Claudia EugeninORCiD, Hélène Lombois‑BurgerORCiD, Bilal BazORCiD, Maris SinkaORCiD, Alise SapataORCiD, Ilhame HarbouzORCiD, Yamei ZhangORCiD, Zijian JiaORCiD, Jacques KrugerORCiD, Jean‑Pierre MostertORCiD, Katarina ŠterORCiD, Aljoša ŠajnaORCiD, Abdelhak KaciORCiD, Said RahalORCiD, Chalermwut SnguanyatORCiD, Arun ArunothayanORCiD, Zengfeng ZhaoORCiD, Inka MaiORCiD, Inken Jette RasehornORCiD, David BöhlerORCiD, Niklas FreundORCiD, Dirk LowkeORCiD, Tobias NeefORCiD, Markus TaubertORCiD, Daniel AuerORCiD, C. Maximilian HechtlORCiD, Maximilian DahlenburgORCiD, Laura EspositoORCiD, Richard BuswellORCiD, John KolawoleORCiD, Muhammad Nura IsaORCiD, Xingzi LiuORCiD, Zhendi WangORCiD, Kolluru SubramaniamORCiD, Viktor MechtcherineORCiD |
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| Dokumenttyp: | Zeitschriftenartikel |
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| Veröffentlichungsform: | Verlagsliteratur |
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| Sprache: | Englisch |
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| Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch): | Materials and Structures |
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| Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung: | 2025 |
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| Organisationseinheit der BAM: | 7 Bauwerkssicherheit |
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| 7 Bauwerkssicherheit / 7.7 Modellierung und Simulation |
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| Veröffentlichende Institution: | Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) |
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| Verlag: | Springer Nature |
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| Jahrgang/Band: | 58 |
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| Ausgabe/Heft: | 5 |
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| Aufsatznummer: | 182 |
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| Erste Seite: | 1 |
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| Letzte Seite: | 33 |
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| DDC-Klassifikation: | Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Ingenieurbau |
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| Freie Schlagwörter: | 3D concrete printing; Digital fabrication; Flexural strength; Interlayer bond strength; Tensile strength |
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| Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM: | Infrastruktur |
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| Infrastruktur / Green Intelligent Building |
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| DOI: | 10.1617/s11527-025-02687-w |
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| URN: | urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-634655 |
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| ISSN: | 1871-6873 |
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| Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments: | Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access") |
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| Lizenz (Deutsch): | Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International |
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| Datum der Freischaltung: | 25.06.2025 |
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| Referierte Publikation: | Ja |
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| Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation: | 16.07.2025 |
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| Schriftenreihen ohne Nummerierung: | Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM |
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