- Transition metal (TM) and rare earth (RE) ion-doped nanoparticles (NPs) are photoluminescent materials of technological relevance in bioimaging, sensing, and light conversion. Fluoride NPs are particularly attractive in this context, since they combine low-energy phonons, high chemical stability, optical transparency, size, and architecture tunability. Yet, nearly all reported colloidal fluoride NPs (e.g., NaYF4 and LiYF4) can only be efficiently doped with RE3+ and not with luminescent TM ions. Herein, we contribute to filling this gap in materials science by reporting Na3InF6 NPs doped with Cr3+ as a model luminescent TM ion. We unveil the heat-driven NP formation mechanism, which involves a cubic-to-monoclinic phase conversion, similarly to the cubic-tohexagonal phase conversion in NaYF4. Reaction temperatures above 225 °C and reaction time have a limited impact on the NP morphology, while the amount of fluoride precursor and oleylamine grants control over the NP size. AfterTransition metal (TM) and rare earth (RE) ion-doped nanoparticles (NPs) are photoluminescent materials of technological relevance in bioimaging, sensing, and light conversion. Fluoride NPs are particularly attractive in this context, since they combine low-energy phonons, high chemical stability, optical transparency, size, and architecture tunability. Yet, nearly all reported colloidal fluoride NPs (e.g., NaYF4 and LiYF4) can only be efficiently doped with RE3+ and not with luminescent TM ions. Herein, we contribute to filling this gap in materials science by reporting Na3InF6 NPs doped with Cr3+ as a model luminescent TM ion. We unveil the heat-driven NP formation mechanism, which involves a cubic-to-monoclinic phase conversion, similarly to the cubic-tohexagonal phase conversion in NaYF4. Reaction temperatures above 225 °C and reaction time have a limited impact on the NP morphology, while the amount of fluoride precursor and oleylamine grants control over the NP size. After verifying that Na3InF6 NPs show negligible cytotoxicity toward U-87 cell line, we study the optical properties of these NPs upon Cr3+ doping.
Temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurements indicate that Cr3+ ions experience a weak crystal field in the Na3InF6 host lattice, while their photoluminescence lifetime varies linearly in the 20−50 °C range. These results set the ground for further studies of photoluminescent TM-doped fluoride NPs, toward their applications in bioimaging, sensing, and light-converting devices.…


Metadaten| Autor*innen: | E. Andreato, N. Panov, A. Artiga, Viktoriia Osipova, Ute Resch-GengerORCiD, E. Ximendes, P. Molina, P. Canton, R. Marin |
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| Dokumenttyp: | Zeitschriftenartikel |
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| Veröffentlichungsform: | Verlagsliteratur |
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| Sprache: | Englisch |
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| Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch): | ACS Publications |
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| Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung: | 2025 |
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| Organisationseinheit der BAM: | 1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien |
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| 1 Analytische Chemie; Referenzmaterialien / 1.2 Biophotonik |
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| Verlag: | American Chemical Society |
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| Erste Seite: | 1 |
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| Letzte Seite: | 14 |
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| DDC-Klassifikation: | Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / Chemie / Analytische Chemie |
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| Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten |
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| Freie Schlagwörter: | Characterization; Doping; Fluorescence; Lifetime; Ligand; Mechanism; NIR; Nano; Particle; Phase transition; Quality assurance; Quantum yield; Surface; Synthesis; Traceability; XRD |
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| Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM: | Chemie und Prozesstechnik |
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| Chemie und Prozesstechnik / Chemische Charakterisierung und Spurenanalytik |
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| Material |
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| Material / Advanced Materials |
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| Material / Materialdesign |
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| DOI: | 10.1021/acs.chemmater.4c03335 |
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| ISSN: | 1520-5002 |
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| Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments: | Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access") |
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| Datum der Freischaltung: | 12.05.2025 |
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| Referierte Publikation: | Ja |
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| Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation: | 12.05.2025 |
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