Towards Sustainable Cement Compositions: Exploring the Effects of Clinker Substitutes with NMR and Induced Polarization

  • The reduction of clinker content in cement is a key strategy to lower the CO₂ footprint of the cement industry. In the recently approved composite cements of class CEM II, a significant portion of the clinker (up to 50%) can already be replaced. A promising option in this context is the so-called LC³ (Limestone Calcined Clay Cement), which offers exciting alternatives especially for countries with large clay deposits. To ensure the performance and durability of such binders, understanding hydration processes and the role of the used supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) is crucial. The authors present findings from two independent studies: a master thesis and a round-robin experiment conducted within a RILEM Technical Committee. Both studies investigate cementitious materials incorporating SCMs using advanced characterization techniques. The master thesis focuses on early hydration processes during the first 100 hours using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry (NMR), providingThe reduction of clinker content in cement is a key strategy to lower the CO₂ footprint of the cement industry. In the recently approved composite cements of class CEM II, a significant portion of the clinker (up to 50%) can already be replaced. A promising option in this context is the so-called LC³ (Limestone Calcined Clay Cement), which offers exciting alternatives especially for countries with large clay deposits. To ensure the performance and durability of such binders, understanding hydration processes and the role of the used supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) is crucial. The authors present findings from two independent studies: a master thesis and a round-robin experiment conducted within a RILEM Technical Committee. Both studies investigate cementitious materials incorporating SCMs using advanced characterization techniques. The master thesis focuses on early hydration processes during the first 100 hours using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry (NMR), providing detailed insights into microstructural development, hydrogen bonding, and water mobility. In contrast, the round-robin experiment explores hydration and durability over a longer timeframe of 3 to 91 days using induced polarization (IP) to study bulk conductivity and its changes with age. For all investigated mixtures—including pure Ordinary Portland (CEMI), Portland Limestone Cement (CEM II) including blends with calcined clay and fly ash—heat flow calorimetry serves as a reference method to monitor hydration progress during the early stages. This approach allows a comprehensive understanding of the effects of SCMs on hydration, combining short-term and long-term perspectives while leveraging complementary techniques. Preliminary results demonstrate a significant increase in NMR T₂ relaxation times with the addition of fly ash, accompanied by a strong reduction in the free water component. Concurrently, early IP measurements reveal a steady increase in impedance with sample age, particularly pronounced in mixtures containing calcined clay. These findings underline the potential of NMR and IP to evaluate hydration and durability-related properties in cementitious systems with reduced clinker content.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Metadaten
Autor*innen:Sabine Kruschwitz, Sarah Mandy MunschORCiD
Koautor*innen:Lili Grobla, Wolfram SchmidtORCiD
Dokumenttyp:Vortrag
Veröffentlichungsform:Präsentation
Sprache:Englisch
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2025
Organisationseinheit der BAM:7 Bauwerkssicherheit
7 Bauwerkssicherheit / 7.4 Baustofftechnologie
8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung
8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung / 8.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere
DDC-Klassifikation:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Freie Schlagwörter:Induced polarization; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Supplementary cementitious materials
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM:Material
Material / Materialdesign
Umwelt
Umwelt / Circular Economy
Veranstaltung:85. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft
Veranstaltungsort:Bochum, Germany
Beginndatum der Veranstaltung:24.02.2025
Enddatum der Veranstaltung:27.02.2025
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Datum der Freischaltung:28.04.2025
Referierte Publikation:Nein
Eingeladener Vortrag (wissenschaftliche Konferenzen):Nein
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