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XCT-assisted micromechanical modeling of the effect of pores on the plastic deformation and mechanical characteristics of PBF-LB/M-produced copper alloys

  • Due to the low absorption of fiber laser by copper particles, the laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) processing of copper components is accompanied by the development of different types of porosities within the printed samples. This research aims to assess the consequences of various process-induced pores on the me chanical characteristics and deformation of PBF-LB/M-produced copper alloys. Several copper alloys were processed using metal-coated particles and varied laser intensities, yielding samples with different types and amounts of porosities. For instance, CuCrZr alloys processed at 325 J/mm³ and 257 J/mm³ had 0.009 % and 1.117 % porosities, dominated by keyhole and lack-of-fusion pores, respectively. Moreover, PBF-LB/M pro cessing of Cr- and Nb-coated CuNi3SiCr particles accompanied by the generation of 0.004 % and 1.861 % porosities within the samples, predominantly featuring metallurgical and oxidation pores, respectively. Compression and nanoindentation tests revealedDue to the low absorption of fiber laser by copper particles, the laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) processing of copper components is accompanied by the development of different types of porosities within the printed samples. This research aims to assess the consequences of various process-induced pores on the me chanical characteristics and deformation of PBF-LB/M-produced copper alloys. Several copper alloys were processed using metal-coated particles and varied laser intensities, yielding samples with different types and amounts of porosities. For instance, CuCrZr alloys processed at 325 J/mm³ and 257 J/mm³ had 0.009 % and 1.117 % porosities, dominated by keyhole and lack-of-fusion pores, respectively. Moreover, PBF-LB/M pro cessing of Cr- and Nb-coated CuNi3SiCr particles accompanied by the generation of 0.004 % and 1.861 % porosities within the samples, predominantly featuring metallurgical and oxidation pores, respectively. Compression and nanoindentation tests revealed that the CuNi3SiCr alloy exhibited superior mechanical properties compared to the CuCrZr sample (nanoindentation hardness values 2.2 GPa and 1.4 GPa, respectively), while the presence of lack-of-fusion pores notably diminished their mechanical performance. X-ray computed tomography (XCT) reconstruction slices and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were then used for developing the representative volume elements (RVEs) based micromechanical models. The micromechanical simulations established a structure-property correlation that can simulate the compressive deformation and mechanical characteristics of PBF-LB/M-produced copper alloys as a function of their incorporated pore characteristics. Due to the closure of the pores at the first stages of deformation, samples with minimal keyhole and metallurgical porosities exhibited homogeneous plastic deformation. On the other side, based on the JohnsonCook model, strain concentration and crack propagation around the lack-of-fusion pores lead to damage initi ation in the printed samples at a strain level of 5 %zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Autor*innen:Hossein Beygi Narsabadi, H. Vafaeenezhad, U.E. Klotz, D. Tiberto, F. Hosseinabadi, Tatiana MishurovaORCiD, Giovanni BrunoORCiD, Birgit SkrotzkiORCiD
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenartikel
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):Materials Science and Engineering
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2025
Organisationseinheit der BAM:5 Werkstofftechnik
5 Werkstofftechnik / 5.2 Metallische Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe
8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung
8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung / 8.5 Röntgenbildgebung
Veröffentlichende Institution:Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
Verlag:Elsevier B.V.
Jahrgang/Band:924
Aufsatznummer:147836
Freie Schlagwörter:Copper alloys; Defects; Micromechanics; PBF-LB/M; X-ray Computed tomography
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM:Material
Material / Additive Fertigung
DOI:10.1016/j.msea.2025.147836
URN:urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-624004
ISSN:0921-5093
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")
Lizenz (Deutsch):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
Datum der Freischaltung:15.01.2025
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation:25.02.2025
Schriftenreihen ohne Nummerierung:Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM
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