Novel phosphonates as flame retardants for polymers

  • As a potential substitute for currently used halogenated flame retardants we explored the synthesis of dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine 6-oxide (BPPO) and derivatives. BPPO is a cyclic phosphonate and was synthesized by a simple, three-component condensation using 2,2´-biphenol, phosphorus trichloride and water by improving a procedure given by Natchev. Subsequently, BPPO was employed in phospha-Michael additions in line with the known synthesis of DOPO-compounds to double bonds. These reactions result in novel phosphorus-containing compounds with flame retardant activíty. The chemical structure of the unsaturated compounds was systematically varied yielding non-reactive flame retardants (without functional groups) from acrylates and diesters, and reactive (with functional groups) flame retardants from p-benzoquinone. The use of the phosphonate BPPO and its derivatives as flame retarding additives has not been described yet. The BPPO ring is highly reactive. Therefore, it isAs a potential substitute for currently used halogenated flame retardants we explored the synthesis of dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine 6-oxide (BPPO) and derivatives. BPPO is a cyclic phosphonate and was synthesized by a simple, three-component condensation using 2,2´-biphenol, phosphorus trichloride and water by improving a procedure given by Natchev. Subsequently, BPPO was employed in phospha-Michael additions in line with the known synthesis of DOPO-compounds to double bonds. These reactions result in novel phosphorus-containing compounds with flame retardant activíty. The chemical structure of the unsaturated compounds was systematically varied yielding non-reactive flame retardants (without functional groups) from acrylates and diesters, and reactive (with functional groups) flame retardants from p-benzoquinone. The use of the phosphonate BPPO and its derivatives as flame retarding additives has not been described yet. The BPPO ring is highly reactive. Therefore, it is supposed that it mainly acts in the gas phase. The new phosphonates were applied as additives for improving the flame retardancy of rigid PUR/PIR foams with triethyl phosphate (TEP) as plasticizer. The foam characteristics like density, cell integrity, pore size and mechanical properties were investigated. The burning properties of the foams were analyzed in the vertical flame spread according to DIN 4102 and by cone calorimetry. The relevant parameters depended on the phosphorus content, which is illustrated for PIR foams with ethyl 3-(6-oxidodibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepin-6-yl)propanoate (X, Z = H; Y = OEt; EA-BPPO) as FR additive. At comparable P-content, the EA-BPPO additive reached the PHHR-values of the benchmark foam with TEP and triphenyl phosphate as FR additive. With increased P-content the values were further reduced. TML and MARHE parameters showed a similar tendency. The FR additives dispersed well in the formulation and had no significant influence on foam density, cell integrity and pore size compared to the reference sample.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Metadaten
Autor*innen:J. Lenz
Koautor*innen:D. Pospiech, M. Paven, R. Albach, Martin Günther, Bernhard Schartel
Dokumenttyp:Vortrag
Veröffentlichungsform:Präsentation
Sprache:Englisch
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2019
Organisationseinheit der BAM:7 Bauwerkssicherheit
7 Bauwerkssicherheit / 7.5 Technische Eigenschaften von Polymerwerkstoffen
DDC-Klassifikation:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik
Freie Schlagwörter:Flame retardant; PUR foams; Phosphonate
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM:Infrastruktur
Infrastruktur / Fire Science
Veranstaltung:FRPM 2019, 17th European Meeting on Fire Retardant Polymeric Materials
Veranstaltungsort:Turku, Finland
Beginndatum der Veranstaltung:26.06.2019
Enddatum der Veranstaltung:28.06.2019
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Datum der Freischaltung:29.07.2019
Referierte Publikation:Nein
Eingeladener Vortrag:Nein
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