Halogen-free Multicomponent Flame Retardant Thermoplastic Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene Elastomers Based on Ammonium Polyphosphate – Expandable Graphite Synergy

  • Developing flame retarded thermoplastic elastomers (TPES) based on styrene−ethylene−butylene−styrene, polypropylene, and mineral oil is a challenging task because of their very high fire loads and flammability. A promising approach is the synergistic combination of expandable graphite (EG) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP). Cone calorimetry, oxygen index, and UL 94 classification were applied. The optimal EG:APP ratio is 3:1, due to the most effective fire residue morphology. Exchanging APP with melamine-coated APPm yielded crucial improvement in fire properties, whereas replacing EG/APP with melamine polyphosphate did not. Adjuvants, such as aluminum diethyl phosphinate (AlPi), zinc borate, melamine cyanurate, titanium dioxide, dipentaerylthritol, diphenyl-2-ethyl phosphate, boehmite, SiO2, chalk, and talcum, were tested. All flame retardants reinforced the TPE-S. The combination with AlPi is proposed, because with 30 wt % flame retardants a maximum averaged rate of heat emission belowDeveloping flame retarded thermoplastic elastomers (TPES) based on styrene−ethylene−butylene−styrene, polypropylene, and mineral oil is a challenging task because of their very high fire loads and flammability. A promising approach is the synergistic combination of expandable graphite (EG) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP). Cone calorimetry, oxygen index, and UL 94 classification were applied. The optimal EG:APP ratio is 3:1, due to the most effective fire residue morphology. Exchanging APP with melamine-coated APPm yielded crucial improvement in fire properties, whereas replacing EG/APP with melamine polyphosphate did not. Adjuvants, such as aluminum diethyl phosphinate (AlPi), zinc borate, melamine cyanurate, titanium dioxide, dipentaerylthritol, diphenyl-2-ethyl phosphate, boehmite, SiO2, chalk, and talcum, were tested. All flame retardants reinforced the TPE-S. The combination with AlPi is proposed, because with 30 wt % flame retardants a maximum averaged rate of heat emission below 200 kW m−2 and a V-0 rating was achieved. Multicomponent EG/APP/adjuvants systems are proposed as a suitable route to achieve efficient halogen-free flame retarded TPE-S.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Autor*innen:Antje Wilke, Kirsten Langfeld, B. Ulmer, V. Andrievici, Andreas Hörold, P. Limbach, Martin Bastian, Bernhard SchartelORCiD
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenartikel
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2017
Verlag:ACS Publications
Jahrgang/Band:56
Ausgabe/Heft:29
Erste Seite:8251
Letzte Seite:8263
DDC-Klassifikation:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Ingenieurbau
Freie Schlagwörter:Amonium polyphosphate; Expandable graphite; Synergy; Thermoplastic elastomers
DOI:10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01177
ISSN:0888-5885
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Datum der Freischaltung:22.08.2017
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation:22.08.2017
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