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Materials Technologies and Techno-Economic Development

  • Eine im Auftrag der Deutschen Stiftung für Internationale Entwicklung (DSE) erarbeitete Studie über die Bedeutung von Materialtechnologien für zukünftige technisch-wirtschaftliche Entwicklungen, besonders im Hinblick auf die Entwicklungsländer.
  • This study was prepared at the request of the German Foundation for International Development (Deutsche Stiftung für Internationale Entwicklung) in order to review the state of the art of materials technologies and their potential for future techno-economic developments. The importance of materials technologies is immediately obvious from the fact that materials rank together with energy and information as basic resources of mankind. That which distinguishes materials from the other technologies and sciences which are subject of intense current attention is that materials are not an end product in themselves but are needed to permit Engineering structures to fulfill their purposes. Demands for improved materials and materials technologies basically spring from the functions required of engineering structures, such as improved performance, integrity and reliability. Materials have an underpinning role, they provide the frar:nework for all industrial sectors in every country and thusThis study was prepared at the request of the German Foundation for International Development (Deutsche Stiftung für Internationale Entwicklung) in order to review the state of the art of materials technologies and their potential for future techno-economic developments. The importance of materials technologies is immediately obvious from the fact that materials rank together with energy and information as basic resources of mankind. That which distinguishes materials from the other technologies and sciences which are subject of intense current attention is that materials are not an end product in themselves but are needed to permit Engineering structures to fulfill their purposes. Demands for improved materials and materials technologies basically spring from the functions required of engineering structures, such as improved performance, integrity and reliability. Materials have an underpinning role, they provide the frar:nework for all industrial sectors in every country and thus they represent essentially an enabling technology. A review of the state of the art shows that in the industrialized countries there has been a rapid development of "New Materials" and "New Materials Technologies" in recent years. This has led to major new industries, including computers, plastics and synthetic fibres and rubbers and nuclear power. Although there are euphoric claims about the future of new materials such as fine ceramies and composites, their applications lie predominantly in the high technology or value added end of the engineering product market, and a suitable industrial base is needed to support the implantation of such materials and related new technologies. ln considering the possibilities and potentials of materials and materials technologies for developing countries, the following requisites may be named together with the requirement of a "minimum Ievei of technological competence" in order to use their potential chances: 1. The need for local strategies and "appropriate technologies" 2. A concern about the "total materials cycle" in any new development- from the extraction of ores through manufacturing of finished products, use, reuse, recycling and disposal. 3. The consideration of especially suited "new" materials technologies, such as High Strength Low Alloy Steels (HSLA Steels) - Fibre Reinforced Structural Composites - Powder Metallurgy and the blending with conventional technologies. 4. The necessity of maintenance technologies and strategies 5. The need to mitigate materials deterioration and darnage processes like fracture, fatigue, corrosion, wear and biodeterioration through contemporary technologies, as for example surface coatings. 6. The necessity to establish neutral National Institutes for materials testing and quality control. 7. The necessity to establish agreed codes of practice and materials standards and specifications.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Metadaten
Autor*innen:Horst Czichos, G. Sievers
Dokumenttyp:Forschungsbericht
Veröffentlichungsform:Eigenverlag BAM
Schriftenreihe (Bandnummer):BAM Forschungsberichtreihe (117)
Sprache:Deutsch
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:1985
Veröffentlichende Institution:Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
Herausgeber (Institution):Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung (BAM)
Verlag:Wirtschaftsverlag NW
Verlagsort:Bremerhaven
Jahrgang/Band:117
Erste Seite:1
Letzte Seite:56
DDC-Klassifikation:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Freie Schlagwörter:Advance Technology Alert System; Developing Countries; Industrial Development; Materials Cycle; Materials Standards; Materials Technologies; Techno-Economic Development
URN:urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-3335
ISSN:0938-5533
ISBN:978-3-88314-468-1
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")
Lizenz (Deutsch):License LogoAllgemeines Deutsches Urheberrecht
Datum der Freischaltung:25.06.2015
Referierte Publikation:Nein
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