Zitieren Sie bitte immer diesen URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-532977
Waste not, want not: The use of leather waste in flame retarded EVA
- Leather is among the most ancient, widely used materials worldwide. Industrial-scale leather production produces large quantities of organic waste attained during shaving and buffing steps during processing. In this study, leather wastes (LW) are used as fillers in flame retarded polymer composites. LW is investigated as a multifunctional bio-filler that enhances the fire performance of flame retarded poly(ethylene–vinyl acetate) (EVA) containing phosphorus flame retardants (P-FRs) ammonium polyphosphate (APP) or a melamine-encapsulated APP (eAPP). Using LW from tanneries as adjuvants to enhance P-FRs in EVA reduces industrial wastes that otherwise require costly waste management solutions. Materials are characterized multi-methodically via mechanical tests, electron microscopy, rheology, thermogravimetric analysis, evolved gas analysis, and condensed phase FTIR, also reaction-to-small-flames and cone calorimeter tests. EVA containing 10 wt-% LW and 20 wt-% P-FRs achieve 20% reductionsLeather is among the most ancient, widely used materials worldwide. Industrial-scale leather production produces large quantities of organic waste attained during shaving and buffing steps during processing. In this study, leather wastes (LW) are used as fillers in flame retarded polymer composites. LW is investigated as a multifunctional bio-filler that enhances the fire performance of flame retarded poly(ethylene–vinyl acetate) (EVA) containing phosphorus flame retardants (P-FRs) ammonium polyphosphate (APP) or a melamine-encapsulated APP (eAPP). Using LW from tanneries as adjuvants to enhance P-FRs in EVA reduces industrial wastes that otherwise require costly waste management solutions. Materials are characterized multi-methodically via mechanical tests, electron microscopy, rheology, thermogravimetric analysis, evolved gas analysis, and condensed phase FTIR, also reaction-to-small-flames and cone calorimeter tests. EVA containing 10 wt-% LW and 20 wt-% P-FRs achieve 20% reductions in fire loads versus EVA, and up to 10% reduction in effective heats of combustion versus EVA with equal (30 wt-%) P-FR loadings. Enhanced char stabilization of EVA composites with LW and P-FRs lowered peaks of heat release rates up to 53% compared to EVA, and up to 40% compared to equal P-FRs loadings. Synergisms between LW and P-FRs in EVA are quantified. A chemical decomposition mechanism is proposed.…
Autor*innen: | Alexander Battig, G. Sanchez-Olivares, Daniel Rockel, M. Maldonado-Santoyo, Bernhard SchartelORCiD |
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Dokumenttyp: | Zeitschriftenartikel |
Veröffentlichungsform: | Verlagsliteratur |
Sprache: | Englisch |
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch): | Materials and design |
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung: | 2021 |
Organisationseinheit der BAM: | 7 Bauwerkssicherheit |
7 Bauwerkssicherheit / 7.5 Technische Eigenschaften von Polymerwerkstoffen | |
Veröffentlichende Institution: | Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) |
Verlag: | Elsevier |
Verlagsort: | Amsterdam |
Jahrgang/Band: | 210 |
Aufsatznummer: | 110100 |
Erste Seite: | 1 |
Letzte Seite: | 16 |
DDC-Klassifikation: | Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Ingenieurbau |
Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik | |
Freie Schlagwörter: | Charring; EVA; Fire protection; Flame retardancy; Leather waste; Tannery industry |
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM: | Infrastruktur |
Infrastruktur / Fire Science | |
Umwelt | |
Umwelt / Circular Economy | |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.matdes.2021.110100 |
URN: | urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-532977 |
ISSN: | 0264-1275 |
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments: | Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access") |
Lizenz (Deutsch): | Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International |
Datum der Freischaltung: | 18.09.2021 |
Referierte Publikation: | Ja |
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation: | 07.10.2021 |
Schriftenreihen ohne Nummerierung: | Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM |