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Crystalline phase analysis and phosphorus availability after thermochemical treatment of sewage sludge ash with sodium and potassium sulfates for fertilizer production
- Phosphorus rich sewage sludge ash is a promising source to produce phosphorus recycling fertilizer. However, the low plant availability of phosphorus in these ashes makes a treatment necessary. A thermochemical treatment (800–1000 °C) with alkali additives transforms poorly plant available phosphorus phases to highly plant available calcium alkali Phosphates (Ca,Mg)(Na,K)PO4. In this study, we investigate the use of K2SO4 as additive to produce a phosphorus potassium fertilizer in laboratory-scale experiments (crucible). Pure K2SO4 is not suitable as high reaction temperatures are required due to the high melting point of K2SO4. To overcome this barrier, we carried out series of experiments with mixtures of K2SO4 and Na2SO4 resulting in a lower economically feasible reaction temperature (900–1000 °C). In this way, the produced phosphorus potassium fertilizers (8.4 wt.% K, 7.6 wt.% P) was highly plant available for phosphorus indicated by complete extractable phosphorus in neutralPhosphorus rich sewage sludge ash is a promising source to produce phosphorus recycling fertilizer. However, the low plant availability of phosphorus in these ashes makes a treatment necessary. A thermochemical treatment (800–1000 °C) with alkali additives transforms poorly plant available phosphorus phases to highly plant available calcium alkali Phosphates (Ca,Mg)(Na,K)PO4. In this study, we investigate the use of K2SO4 as additive to produce a phosphorus potassium fertilizer in laboratory-scale experiments (crucible). Pure K2SO4 is not suitable as high reaction temperatures are required due to the high melting point of K2SO4. To overcome this barrier, we carried out series of experiments with mixtures of K2SO4 and Na2SO4 resulting in a lower economically feasible reaction temperature (900–1000 °C). In this way, the produced phosphorus potassium fertilizers (8.4 wt.% K, 7.6 wt.% P) was highly plant available for phosphorus indicated by complete extractable phosphorus in neutral ammonium citrate solution. The added potassium is, in contrast to sodium, preferably incorporated into silicates instead of phosphorus phases. Thus, the highly extractable phase (Ca,Mg)(Na,K)PO4 in the thermochemical products contain less potassium than expected. This preferred incorporation is confirmed by a pilot-scale trial (rotary kiln) and thermodynamic calculation.…
Autor*innen: | Hannes HerzelORCiD, Zeynep Aydin, Christian AdamORCiD |
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Dokumenttyp: | Zeitschriftenartikel |
Veröffentlichungsform: | Verlagsliteratur |
Sprache: | Englisch |
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch): | Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management |
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung: | 2021 |
Organisationseinheit der BAM: | 4 Material und Umwelt |
4 Material und Umwelt / 4.4 Thermochemische Reststoffbehandlung und Wertstoffrückgewinnung | |
Veröffentlichende Institution: | Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) |
Verlag: | Springer |
Ausgabe/Heft: | 23 |
Aufsatznummer: | 6 |
Erste Seite: | 2242 |
Letzte Seite: | 2254 |
DDC-Klassifikation: | Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik |
Freie Schlagwörter: | Calcium alkali phosphate; Phosphorus recovery; Recycling fertilizer; Silicate |
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM: | Umwelt |
Umwelt / Circular Economy | |
DOI: | 10.1007/s10163-021-01288-3 |
URN: | urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-536276 |
ISSN: | 1611-8227 |
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments: | Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access") |
Lizenz (Deutsch): | Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International |
Datum der Freischaltung: | 27.10.2021 |
Referierte Publikation: | Ja |
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation: | 27.10.2021 |
Schriftenreihen ohne Nummerierung: | Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM |