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Pyrolysis and flammability of phosphorus based flame retardant pressure sensitive adhesives and adhesive tapes

  • Pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes are used in a variety of applications such as construction, aircrafts, railway vehicles, and ships, where flame retardancy is essential. Especially in these applications, phosphorus-based flame retardants are often chosen over halogenated ones due to their advantages in terms of toxicity. Although there are pressure-sensitive adhesives with phosphorus flame retardants available on the market, their flame-retardant modes of action and mechanisms are not entirely understood. This research article provides fundamental pyrolysis research of three phosphorus-based flame retardants that exhibit different mechanisms in a pressuresensitive adhesive matrix. The flame-retardants modes of action and mechanisms of a 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) derivate, an aryl phosphate, and a self-synthesized, covalently bonded DOPO derivate (copolymerized) are investigated. The blended DOPO derivate is volatilized at rather low temperatures whilePressure-sensitive adhesive tapes are used in a variety of applications such as construction, aircrafts, railway vehicles, and ships, where flame retardancy is essential. Especially in these applications, phosphorus-based flame retardants are often chosen over halogenated ones due to their advantages in terms of toxicity. Although there are pressure-sensitive adhesives with phosphorus flame retardants available on the market, their flame-retardant modes of action and mechanisms are not entirely understood. This research article provides fundamental pyrolysis research of three phosphorus-based flame retardants that exhibit different mechanisms in a pressuresensitive adhesive matrix. The flame-retardants modes of action and mechanisms of a 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) derivate, an aryl phosphate, and a self-synthesized, covalently bonded DOPO derivate (copolymerized) are investigated. The blended DOPO derivate is volatilized at rather low temperatures while the covalently bonded DOPO derivate decomposes together with the polymer matrix at the same temperature. Both DOPO derivates release PO radicals which are known for their flame inhibition. The aryl phosphate decomposes at higher temperatures, releases small amounts of aryl phosphates into the gas phase, and acts predominantly the condensed phase. The aryl phosphate acts as precursor for phosphoric acid and improves the charring of the pressure sensitive adhesive matrix. All flame retardants enhance the flammability of the adhesives depending on their individual mode of action while the covalently bonded flame retardant additionally improves the mechanical properties at elevated temperatures making it a promising future technology for pressure-sensitive adhesives.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Metadaten
Autor*innen:Vitus Hupp, Bernhard Schartel, K. Flothmeier, A. Hartwig
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenartikel
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2024
Organisationseinheit der BAM:7 Bauwerkssicherheit
7 Bauwerkssicherheit / 7.5 Technische Eigenschaften von Polymerwerkstoffen
Veröffentlichende Institution:Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
Verlag:Elsevier B.V.
Jahrgang/Band:181
Aufsatznummer:106658
Erste Seite:1
Letzte Seite:31
DDC-Klassifikation:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Ingenieurbau
Freie Schlagwörter:Decomposition mechanism; Flame retardancy; Flame retardant pressure sensitive adhesives; Mass spectrometry; Phosphorus flame retardant; Pyrolysis gas chromatography; Pyrolysis of flame retardant
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM:Infrastruktur
Infrastruktur / Fire Science
DOI:10.1016/j.jaap.2024.106658
URN:urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-607192
ISSN:0165-2370
ISSN:1873-250X
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")
Lizenz (Deutsch):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
Datum der Freischaltung:30.07.2024
Referierte Publikation:Nein
Schriftenreihen ohne Nummerierung:Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM
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