Moisture diffusion affected by the Knudsen effect in temporal changing pore networks
- Almost all building materials in civil engineering have an open porosity and interact with or are affected by the environmental conditions. Structures might suffer from effects such as moisture adsorption, carbonation, corrosion, penetration of salt ions and chemical substances, etc. In the hygroscopic range, these processes are mostly driven by diffusion. Due to the confinement of small pores ( 1 m), the Knudsen effect reduces the molecular diffusion. This reduction can become more significant in case of temporal changing pore systems because of physisorption of water vapor, carbonation, or chemisorption.
In this study, unstabilised earth blocks and earth masonry are investigated. In a first step, the pore size distribution of the blocks is measured and sorption isotherms are recorded in experiments. Besides the ordinary physisorption, the involved clay minerals undergo swelling or shrinking due to chemisorption. The following two effects must be considered: first, the reduction ofAlmost all building materials in civil engineering have an open porosity and interact with or are affected by the environmental conditions. Structures might suffer from effects such as moisture adsorption, carbonation, corrosion, penetration of salt ions and chemical substances, etc. In the hygroscopic range, these processes are mostly driven by diffusion. Due to the confinement of small pores ( 1 m), the Knudsen effect reduces the molecular diffusion. This reduction can become more significant in case of temporal changing pore systems because of physisorption of water vapor, carbonation, or chemisorption.
In this study, unstabilised earth blocks and earth masonry are investigated. In a first step, the pore size distribution of the blocks is measured and sorption isotherms are recorded in experiments. Besides the ordinary physisorption, the involved clay minerals undergo swelling or shrinking due to chemisorption. The following two effects must be considered: first, the reduction of the available pore space by the adsorbed water layer. For this, the Hillerborg sorption theory is used, which is a combination of the well-known Brunauer-Emmett-Teller sorption theory and the Kelvin equation. This allows the computation of adsorbed water layers even in curved pore geometries. Second, the variation of the initial pore size distribution due to chemisorption needs to be modelled. Based on these two models, the effective diffusion coefficient can be predicted. For validation, arrays of relative humidity sensors were embedded into a free-standing earth masonry wall. This monitoring was carried out over more than a year to have a broad variety of environmental conditions and was located in Berlin, Germany.
The prediction of the effective diffusion coefficient can also be transferred to other processes and allows the investigation of materials having temporarily changing pore systems. Examples are the carbonation of cementitious materials, alkali silica reaction, calcium leaching of long-lasting structures, etc. This effect becomes most prominent in the meso-pore range and might alter the effective diffusion coefficient by more than 100 %.…
Autor*innen: | Christoph StrangfeldORCiD |
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Weitere Person: | Heiko StolpeORCiD, Philipp WiehleORCiD |
Dokumenttyp: | Vortrag |
Veröffentlichungsform: | Präsentation |
Sprache: | Englisch |
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung: | 2023 |
Organisationseinheit der BAM: | 7 Bauwerkssicherheit |
7 Bauwerkssicherheit / 7.2 Ingenieurbau | |
8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung | |
8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung / 8.2 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfmethoden für das Bauwesen | |
DDC-Klassifikation: | Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / Chemie / Analytische Chemie |
Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Ingenieurbau | |
Freie Schlagwörter: | Chemisoprtion; Earth masonry; Knudsen effect; Material moisture; Molecular diffusion; Physisorption |
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM: | Chemie und Prozesstechnik |
Infrastruktur | |
Veranstaltung: | 4th International Congress on Materials & Structural Stability |
Veranstaltungsort: | Rabat, Morocco |
Beginndatum der Veranstaltung: | 08.03.2023 |
Enddatum der Veranstaltung: | 10.03.2023 |
Zugehöriger Identifikator: | https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-bam/frontdoor/index/index/docId/57139 |
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments: | Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access") |
Datum der Freischaltung: | 14.03.2023 |
Referierte Publikation: | Nein |
Eingeladener Vortrag: | Nein |