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Environmental Stress Cracking of PE-HD Induced by Liquid Test Media Representing Crop Protection Formulations

  • Packaging containers for dangerous goods that include aggressive liquids require that any packaging material that is based on high-density polyethylene has a high degree of stability and durability. This work is focused on testing the environmental stress cracking of the high-density polyethylenes used for such containers in contact with crop protection formulations, in particular, two model liquids established in Germany as standardized test media representatives for crop protection formulations containing the various admixtures typical for such products. One of the liquids is water-based and contains mostly surface-active ingredients, while the other is solvent-based and includes some emulsifiers. Originally established for pin impression tests, these model liquids and their individual components were here used for the first time as environmental media in the Full Notch Creep Test, which addresses the resistance against environmental stress cracking. The Full Notch Creep Test wasPackaging containers for dangerous goods that include aggressive liquids require that any packaging material that is based on high-density polyethylene has a high degree of stability and durability. This work is focused on testing the environmental stress cracking of the high-density polyethylenes used for such containers in contact with crop protection formulations, in particular, two model liquids established in Germany as standardized test media representatives for crop protection formulations containing the various admixtures typical for such products. One of the liquids is water-based and contains mostly surface-active ingredients, while the other is solvent-based and includes some emulsifiers. Originally established for pin impression tests, these model liquids and their individual components were here used for the first time as environmental media in the Full Notch Creep Test, which addresses the resistance against environmental stress cracking. The Full Notch Creep Test was carried out on five high-density polyethylene types with both model liquids, and also on one selected material with its components. The evaluation was focused on the fracture surface structures, which were visualized by a scanning electron microscope and by optical in situ imaging of the notch opening. While the water-based model liquid and its surface-active individual components induced environmental stress cracking with the characteristic pattern for a craze-crack mechanism and so-called brittle fracture on the surface, the solvent-based model liquid and its soluble ingredients exhibited rather ductile failure behavior, caused by the plasticizing effect on the polymer that reduced the yield stress of the high-density polyethylene. For both cases, fracture surface analysis, together with side views of the crack opening, showed a clear relation between surface pattern, notch deformation (e.g., by blunting), or crack opening due to crack growth with time to failure and the solubility of the liquids in high-density polyethylene.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Metadaten
Autor*innen:Maximilian ThuyORCiD, N. Brauch, Ute NiebergallORCiD, I. AligORCiD, H. Oehler, Martin BöhningORCiD
Dokumenttyp:Beitrag zu einem Sammelband
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):Advances in Accelerated Testing and Predictive Methods in Creep, Fatigue, and Environmental Cracking
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2023
Organisationseinheit der BAM:5 Werkstofftechnik
5 Werkstofftechnik / 5.3 Polymere Verbundwerkstoffe
7 Bauwerkssicherheit
7 Bauwerkssicherheit / 7.5 Technische Eigenschaften von Polymerwerkstoffen
Verlag:ASTM International
Verlagsort:West Conshohocken, PA (USA)
Erste Seite:317
Letzte Seite:341
DDC-Klassifikation:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Freie Schlagwörter:Crop protection formulations; Environmental stress cracking; Fracture surface; Full Notch Creep Test; High-density polyethylene
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM:Material
Material / Degradation von Werkstoffen
DOI:10.1520/STP164320210095
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Datum der Freischaltung:15.05.2023
Referierte Publikation:Nein
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