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Antimony (Sb) and lead (Pb) in contaminated shooting range soils: Sb and Pb mobility and immobilization by iron based sorbents, a field study

  • Small-arm shooting ranges often receive a significant input of lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and antimony (Sb) from ammunition. The goal of the present study was to investigate the mobility, distribution and speciation of Pb and Sb pollution under field conditions in both untreated and sorbent-amended shooting range soil. Elevated Sb (19–349 μg L⁻¹) and Pb (7–1495 μg Pb L⁻¹) concentrations in the porewater of untreated soil over the four-year test period indicated a long-term Sb and Pb source to the adjacent environment in the absence of remedial measures. Mixing ferric oxyhydroxide powder (CFH-12) (2%) together with limestone (1%) into the soil resulted in an average decrease of Sb and Pb porewater concentrations of 66% and 97%, respectively. A similar reduction was achieved by adding 2% zerovalent iron (Fe°) to the soil. The remediation effect was stable over the four-year experimental period indicating no remobilization. Water- and 1 M NH₄NO₃-extractable levels of Sb and Pb in field soilSmall-arm shooting ranges often receive a significant input of lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and antimony (Sb) from ammunition. The goal of the present study was to investigate the mobility, distribution and speciation of Pb and Sb pollution under field conditions in both untreated and sorbent-amended shooting range soil. Elevated Sb (19–349 μg L⁻¹) and Pb (7–1495 μg Pb L⁻¹) concentrations in the porewater of untreated soil over the four-year test period indicated a long-term Sb and Pb source to the adjacent environment in the absence of remedial measures. Mixing ferric oxyhydroxide powder (CFH-12) (2%) together with limestone (1%) into the soil resulted in an average decrease of Sb and Pb porewater concentrations of 66% and 97%, respectively. A similar reduction was achieved by adding 2% zerovalent iron (Fe°) to the soil. The remediation effect was stable over the four-year experimental period indicating no remobilization. Water- and 1 M NH₄NO₃-extractable levels of Sb and Pb in field soil samples indicated significant immobilization by both treatments (89–90% for Sb and 89–99% for Pb). Results from sequential extraction analysis indicate fixation of Sb and Pb in less accessible fractions like amorphous iron oxides or even more crystalline and residual mineral phases, respectively. This work shows that amendment with Fe-based sorbents can be an effective method to reduce the mobility of metals both in cationic and anionic form in polluted shooting range soil.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Autor*innen:G. Okkenhaug, K.-A. G. Gebhardt, K. Amstaetter, H. L. Bue, Hannes Herzel, E. Mariussen, Å. R. Almås, G. Cornelissen, G. D. Breedveld, G. Rasmussen, J. Mulder
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenartikel
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):Journal of Hazardous Materials
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2016
Verlag:Elsevier Science
Verlagsort:Amsterdam, Netherlands
Jahrgang/Band:307
Erste Seite:336
Letzte Seite:343
DDC-Klassifikation:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik
Freie Schlagwörter:Antimony; Field test; Lead; Porewater; Shooting range soil; Soil amendment
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.01.005
ISSN:0304-3894
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Datum der Freischaltung:19.05.2016
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation:24.05.2016
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