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Unity in defence: honeybee workers exhibit conserved molecular responses to diverse pathogens

  • Background: Organisms typically face infection by diverse pathogens, and hosts are thought to have developed specific responses to each type of pathogen they encounter. The advent of transcriptomics now makes it possible to test this hypothesis and compare host gene expression responses to multiple pathogens at a genome-wide scale. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of multiple published and new transcriptomes using a newly developed bioinformatics approach that filters genes based on their expression profile across datasets. Thereby, we identified common and unique molecular responses of a model host species, the honey bee (Apis mellifera), to its major pathogens and parasites: the Microsporidia Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae, RNA viruses, and the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, which transmits viruses. Results: We identified a common suite of genes and conserved molecular pathways that respond to all investigated pathogens, a result that suggests a commonality in responseBackground: Organisms typically face infection by diverse pathogens, and hosts are thought to have developed specific responses to each type of pathogen they encounter. The advent of transcriptomics now makes it possible to test this hypothesis and compare host gene expression responses to multiple pathogens at a genome-wide scale. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of multiple published and new transcriptomes using a newly developed bioinformatics approach that filters genes based on their expression profile across datasets. Thereby, we identified common and unique molecular responses of a model host species, the honey bee (Apis mellifera), to its major pathogens and parasites: the Microsporidia Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae, RNA viruses, and the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, which transmits viruses. Results: We identified a common suite of genes and conserved molecular pathways that respond to all investigated pathogens, a result that suggests a commonality in response mechanisms to diverse pathogens. We found that genes differentially expressed after infection exhibit a higher evolutionary rate than non-differentially expressed genes. Using our new bioinformatics approach, we unveiled additional pathogen-specific responses of honey bees; we found that apoptosis appeared to be an important response following microsporidian infection, while genes from the immune signalling pathways, Toll and Imd, were differentially expressed after Varroa/virus infection. Finally, we applied our bioinformatics approach and generated a gene co-expression network to identify highly connected (hub) genes that may represent important mediators and regulators of anti-pathogen responses. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis generated a comprehensive overview of the host metabolic and other biological processes that mediate interactions between insects and their pathogens. We identified key host genes and pathways that respond to phylogenetically diverse pathogens, representing an important source for future functional studies as well as offering new routes to identify or generate pathogen resilient honey bee stocks. The statistical and bioinformatics approaches that were developed for this study are broadly applicable to synthesize information across transcriptomic datasets. These approaches will likely have utility in addressing a variety of biological questions.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Metadaten
Autor*innen:V. Doublet, Y. Poeschl, A. Gogol-Döring, C. Alaux, D. Annoscia, C. Aurori, S. M. Barribeau, O. C. Bedoya-Reina, M. J. F. Brown, J. C. Bull, M. L. Flenniken, D. A. Galbraith, E. Genersch, S. Gisder, I. Grosse, H. L. Holt, D. Hultmark, H. M. G. Lattorff, Y. Le Conte, F. Manfredini, Dino Peter McMahon, R. F. A. Moritz, F. Nazzi, E. L. Niño, K. Nowick, R. P. Van Rij, R. J. Paxton, C. M. Grozinger
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenartikel
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):BMC Genomics
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2017
Veröffentlichende Institution:Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
Jahrgang/Band:18
Erste Seite:207
Letzte Seite:224
DDC-Klassifikation:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik
Freie Schlagwörter:Apis mellifera; Coexpression; DWV; IAPV; Meta-analysis; Nosema; RNA virus; Transcriptomics; Varroa destructor
DOI:10.1186/s12864-017-3597-6
URN:urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-410439
ISSN:1471-2164
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")
Lizenz (Deutsch):License LogoCreative Commons - Namensnennung
Datum der Freischaltung:18.07.2017
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation:18.07.2017
Schriftenreihen ohne Nummerierung:Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM
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