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Origin of abundant moonmilk deposits in a subsurface granitic environment

  • Subsurface granitic environments are scarce and poorly investigated. A multi-disciplinary approach was used to characterize the abundant moonmilk deposits and associated microbial communities coating the granite walls of the 16th Century Paranhos spring water tunnel in Porto city (north-west Portugal). It is possible that this study is the first record of moonmilk in an urban subsurface granitic environment. The morphology and texture, mineralogical composition, stable isotope composition and microbial diversity of moonmilk deposits have been studied to infer the processes of moonmilk formation. These whitish secondary mineral deposits are composed of very fine needle fibre calcite crystals with different morphologies and density. Calcified filaments of fungal hyphae or bacteria were distinguished by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Stable isotope analysis revealed a meteoric origin of the needle fibre calcite, with an important contribution of atmospheric CO2, soilSubsurface granitic environments are scarce and poorly investigated. A multi-disciplinary approach was used to characterize the abundant moonmilk deposits and associated microbial communities coating the granite walls of the 16th Century Paranhos spring water tunnel in Porto city (north-west Portugal). It is possible that this study is the first record of moonmilk in an urban subsurface granitic environment. The morphology and texture, mineralogical composition, stable isotope composition and microbial diversity of moonmilk deposits have been studied to infer the processes of moonmilk formation. These whitish secondary mineral deposits are composed of very fine needle fibre calcite crystals with different morphologies and density. Calcified filaments of fungal hyphae or bacteria were distinguished by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Stable isotope analysis revealed a meteoric origin of the needle fibre calcite, with an important contribution of atmospheric CO2, soil respiration and HCO3 − from weathering of Ca-bearing minerals. The DNA-based analyses revealed the presence of micro-organisms related to urban contamination, including Actinobacteria, mainly represented by Pseudonocardia hispaniensis, Thaumarchaeota and Ascomycota, dominated by Cladosporium. This microbial composition is consistent with groundwater pollution and contamination sources of the overlying urban area, including garages, petrol stations and wastewater pipeline leakage, showing that the Paranhos tunnel is greatly perturbed by anthropogenic activities. Whether the identified micro-organisms are involved in the formation of the needle fibre calcite or not is difficult to demonstrate, but this study evidenced both abiotic and biogenic genesis for the calcite moonmilk in this subsurface granitic environment.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Autor*innen:Pedro Maria Martin-SanchezORCiD, A. Z. Miller, A. M. Garcia-Sanchez, Pedro Maria Martin-SanchezORCiD, M. F.C. Pereira, M. J. Afonso, C. Saiz-Jimenez, J. E. Spangenberg, V. Jurado, A. Dionísio, H. I. Chaminé, B. Hermosin
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenartikel
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):Sedimentology
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2017
Verlag:Wiley
Jahrgang/Band:65
Ausgabe/Heft:2
Erste Seite:1482
Letzte Seite:1503
DDC-Klassifikation:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik
Freie Schlagwörter:Biomineralization; Carbonate precipitation; Granite; Moonmilk; Needle fibre calcite
DOI:10.1111/sed.12431
URL:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/sed.12431
ISSN:1365-3091
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Datum der Freischaltung:08.01.2018
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation:02.08.2018
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