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Microbial hitchhikers on intercontinental dust: catching a lift in Chad

  • Ancient mariners knew that dust whipped up from deserts by strong winds travelled long distances, including over oceans. Satellite remote sensing revealed major dust sources across the Sahara. Indeed, the Bodélé Depression in the Republic of Chad has been called the dustiest place on earth. We analysed desert sand from various locations in Chad and dust that had blown to the Cape Verde Islands. High throughput sequencing techniques combined with classical microbiological methods showed that the samples contained a large variety of microbes well adapted to the harsh desert conditions. The most abundant bacterial groupings in four different phyla included: (a) Firmicutes—Bacillaceae, (b) Actinobacteria—Geodermatophilaceae, Nocardiodaceae and Solirubrobacteraceae, (c) Proteobacteria—Oxalobacteraceae, Rhizobiales and Sphingomonadaceae, and (d) Bacteroidetes—Cytophagaceae. Ascomycota was the overwhelmingly dominant fungal group followed by Basidiomycota and traces of Chytridiomycota,Ancient mariners knew that dust whipped up from deserts by strong winds travelled long distances, including over oceans. Satellite remote sensing revealed major dust sources across the Sahara. Indeed, the Bodélé Depression in the Republic of Chad has been called the dustiest place on earth. We analysed desert sand from various locations in Chad and dust that had blown to the Cape Verde Islands. High throughput sequencing techniques combined with classical microbiological methods showed that the samples contained a large variety of microbes well adapted to the harsh desert conditions. The most abundant bacterial groupings in four different phyla included: (a) Firmicutes—Bacillaceae, (b) Actinobacteria—Geodermatophilaceae, Nocardiodaceae and Solirubrobacteraceae, (c) Proteobacteria—Oxalobacteraceae, Rhizobiales and Sphingomonadaceae, and (d) Bacteroidetes—Cytophagaceae. Ascomycota was the overwhelmingly dominant fungal group followed by Basidiomycota and traces of Chytridiomycota, Microsporidia and Glomeromycota. Two freshwater algae (Trebouxiophyceae) were isolated. Most predominant taxa are widely distributed land inhabitants that are common in soil and on the surfaces of plants. Examples include Bradyrhizobium spp. that nodulate and fix nitrogen in Acacia species, the predominant trees of the Sahara as well as Herbaspirillum (Oxalobacteraceae), a group of chemoorganotrophic free-living soil inhabitants that fix nitrogen in association with Gramineae roots. Few pathogenic strains were found, suggesting that African dust is not a large threat to public health.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Metadaten
Autor*innen:J. Favet, A. Lapanje, A. Giongo, S. Kennedy, Y.-Y. Aung, A. Cattaneo, A.G. Davis-Richardson, C.T. Brown, R. Kort, H.-J. Brumsack, B. Schnetger, A. Chappell, J. Kroijenga, A. Beck, Karin Schwibbert, A.H. Mohamed, T. Kirchner, P. Dorr de Quadros, E.W. Triplett, William J. Broughton, Anna GorbushinaORCiD
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenartikel
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):The ISME journal : multisiciplinary journal of microbial ecology
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2013
Herausgeber (Institution):International Society for Microbial Ecology
Verlag:Nature Publishing Group
Verlagsort:Basingstoke
Jahrgang/Band:7
Erste Seite:850
Letzte Seite:867
Freie Schlagwörter:Aeolian; Bodélé Depression; High throughput sequencing; Republic of Chad; Wind erosion
DOI:10.1038/ismej.2012.152
ISSN:1751-7362
ISSN:1751-7370
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Datum der Freischaltung:20.02.2016
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation:19.04.2013
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