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High-resolution phylogenetic analysis of Endomicrobia reveals multiple acquisitions of endosymbiotic lineages by termite gut flagellates

  • Bacteria of the class Endomicrobia form a deepbranching clade in the Elusimicrobia phylum. They are found almost exclusively in the intestinal tract of animals and are particularly abundant in many termites, where they reside as intracellular symbionts in the cellulolytic gut flagellates. Although small populations of putatively free-living lineages have been detected in faunated and flagellate-free hosts, the evolutionary origin of the endosymbionts is obscured by the limited amount of phylogenetic information provided by the 16S rRNA gene fragment amplified with Endomicrobia-specific primers. Here, we present a robust phylogenetic framework based on the nearfull-length 16S–23S rRNA gene region of a diverse set of Endomicrobia from termites and cockroaches, which also allowed us to classify the shorter reads from previous studies. Our data revealed that endosymbionts arose independently at least four times from different free-living lineages, which were already present in ancestralBacteria of the class Endomicrobia form a deepbranching clade in the Elusimicrobia phylum. They are found almost exclusively in the intestinal tract of animals and are particularly abundant in many termites, where they reside as intracellular symbionts in the cellulolytic gut flagellates. Although small populations of putatively free-living lineages have been detected in faunated and flagellate-free hosts, the evolutionary origin of the endosymbionts is obscured by the limited amount of phylogenetic information provided by the 16S rRNA gene fragment amplified with Endomicrobia-specific primers. Here, we present a robust phylogenetic framework based on the nearfull-length 16S–23S rRNA gene region of a diverse set of Endomicrobia from termites and cockroaches, which also allowed us to classify the shorter reads from previous studies. Our data revealed that endosymbionts arose independently at least four times from different free-living lineages, which were already present in ancestral cockroaches but became associated with their respective hosts long after the digestive symbiosis between termites and flagellates had been established. Pyrotag sequencing revealed that the proportion of putatively free-living lineages increased, when all flagellates and their symbionts were removed from the gut of lower termites by starvation, starch feeding or hyperbaric oxygen, but results varied between different methods.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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  • 2017 Mikaelyan et al Phylogenetic Analyses Flagellates Termites.pdf
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Metadaten
Autor*innen:A. Mikaelyan, C. L. Thompson, K. Meuser, H. Zheng, P. Rani, Rüdiger Plarre, A. Brune
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenartikel
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):Environmental Microbiology Reports
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2017
Jahrgang/Band:9
Ausgabe/Heft:5
Erste Seite:477
Letzte Seite:483
Freie Schlagwörter:Endosymbionts; Evolution; Termites
DOI:10.1111/1758-2229.12565
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Datum der Freischaltung:06.11.2017
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation:06.11.2017
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