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Visualizing the progression of the thermal runaway in lithium-ion-cells by controlled abuse tests at low temperatures

  • Due to their increasing energy density, lithium-ion-batteries (LIBs) play a key role in the traffic energy transition. Regarding their safety behavior, the main challenge of LIB-cells remains the thermal runaway (TR) process. In situ/operando investigations of the TR on commercial cells is possible with radiographic and computer tomographic measurements. Nonetheless, high resolution visualization of the TR persists as a challenge due to the high progression speed of the TR-process itself. Generally, performing abuse tests at cryogenic temperatures allows to slow down or even prevent the TR. Nevertheless, not all abuse methods are suitable for TR investigations at low temperatures. Nail penetration is an appropriate option, however, contains numerous unknown parameters and therefore suffers regarding reproducibility. Herein, a self-developed high precision nail-penetration-setup is introduced, approaching the necessary mechanically reproducibility with controlled temperatures down toDue to their increasing energy density, lithium-ion-batteries (LIBs) play a key role in the traffic energy transition. Regarding their safety behavior, the main challenge of LIB-cells remains the thermal runaway (TR) process. In situ/operando investigations of the TR on commercial cells is possible with radiographic and computer tomographic measurements. Nonetheless, high resolution visualization of the TR persists as a challenge due to the high progression speed of the TR-process itself. Generally, performing abuse tests at cryogenic temperatures allows to slow down or even prevent the TR. Nevertheless, not all abuse methods are suitable for TR investigations at low temperatures. Nail penetration is an appropriate option, however, contains numerous unknown parameters and therefore suffers regarding reproducibility. Herein, a self-developed high precision nail-penetration-setup is introduced, approaching the necessary mechanically reproducibility with controlled temperatures down to -190°C. The setup allows the preparation of critically abused, however, at cryogenic temperatures stable LIB-cells. These cells were controlled rethermalized to room temperature during synchrotron x-ray computer tomography (SXCT) with a pixel size up to 0.7 μm. During this measurement, the temperature and voltage of the cell is monitored allowing the visualization of the initial internal cell reactions. This study reveals the relation between internal reactions and cell voltage. Finally, the developed set-up enables in-depth analysis of thermal runaway behavior down to material level for various commercial battery cells in the future.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Metadaten
Autor*innen:Nils BöttcherORCiD
Koautor*innen:Shahabeddin Dayani, Henning Markötter, Giovanni Bruno, Anita Schmidt, Jonas Krug von Nidda
Dokumenttyp:Posterpräsentation
Veröffentlichungsform:Präsentation
Sprache:Englisch
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2023
Organisationseinheit der BAM:3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher
3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher / 3.1 Sicherheit von Gefahrgutverpackungen und Batterien
8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung
8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung / 8.5 Röntgenbildgebung
DDC-Klassifikation:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Angewandte Physik
Freie Schlagwörter:Computer Tomography; Lithium Ion Batteries; Thermal Runaway
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM:Energie
Energie / Elektrische Energiespeicher und -umwandlung
Veranstaltung:International Battery Safety Workshop
Veranstaltungsort:Ulm, Germany
Beginndatum der Veranstaltung:28.09.2023
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Datum der Freischaltung:02.01.2024
Referierte Publikation:Nein
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