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Distinguishing between seemingly identical inks using scanning μXRF and heat maps

  • This study will present a new approach to distinguishing writing inks that have the same elemental compositions and visual appearances. The approach is based on displaying the intensity of elemental distributions as heat maps that represent data recorded with a scanning μX-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The heat maps present the data so as to facilitate digitally identifying and distinguishing between inks used to produce, correct, and reink two medieval Torah scrolls. As ritual objects, Torah scrolls had to be written in accordance with exacting standards that evolved over time. This requirement led to successive stages of modifications, sometimes over centuries. Both vitriolic and non-vitriolic inks used to modify Torah scrolls can be visually identical to each other. Furthermore, different non-vitriolic inks usually have an identical elemental composition. The solid material analysis evidence and its presentation as heat maps made it possible to discriminate between original andThis study will present a new approach to distinguishing writing inks that have the same elemental compositions and visual appearances. The approach is based on displaying the intensity of elemental distributions as heat maps that represent data recorded with a scanning μX-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The heat maps present the data so as to facilitate digitally identifying and distinguishing between inks used to produce, correct, and reink two medieval Torah scrolls. As ritual objects, Torah scrolls had to be written in accordance with exacting standards that evolved over time. This requirement led to successive stages of modifications, sometimes over centuries. Both vitriolic and non-vitriolic inks used to modify Torah scrolls can be visually identical to each other. Furthermore, different non-vitriolic inks usually have an identical elemental composition. The solid material analysis evidence and its presentation as heat maps made it possible to discriminate between original and altered portions of text that in some cases would have been impossible. Our interdisciplinary work brought together conservation, material science, paleog-raphy, and philology to enable the identification of complex stratigraphy in multiple stages of production, correction, and reinking. ©2 0 2 2 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Metadaten
Autor*innen:Grzegorz Nehring, Nehemia Gordon, Ira Rabin
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenartikel
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):Journal of Cultural Heritage
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2022
Organisationseinheit der BAM:4 Material und Umwelt
4 Material und Umwelt / 4.5 Kunst- und Kulturgutanalyse
Veröffentlichende Institution:Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
Verlag:Elsevier Masson SAS
Jahrgang/Band:57
Erste Seite:142
Letzte Seite:148
Freie Schlagwörter:Heat maps; Non-vitriolic iron-gall inks; Scanning micro-X-ray fluorescence; Scribal corrections; Spectroscopy; Torah scrolls; Vitriolic iron-gall inks
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM:Chemie und Prozesstechnik
Material
Material / Nano
DOI:10.1016/j.culher.2022.07.007
URN:urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-557271
ISSN:1296-2074
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar ("Open Access")
Lizenz (Deutsch):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International
Datum der Freischaltung:19.09.2022
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation:28.11.2022
Schriftenreihen ohne Nummerierung:Wissenschaftliche Artikel der BAM
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