Explosion characteristics of mildly flammable refrigerants ignited with high-energy ignition sources in closed systems
- For evaluation of explosion scenarios in closed systems involving the mildly flammable refrigerants R1234yf, R1234ze and R32 dependent on the ignition energy, ignitions were carried out in a closed autoclave. A newly developed ignition system was used, which allows generating electric arcs with defined energies in a range between 3 J and 1000 J. The lower explosion limit of R32 decreases with increasing ignition energy. R32-explosions can be more severe than explosions involving highly flammable substances. However, in case of R1234yf and R1234ze, the ignition energy had to be increased to more than 100 J and more than 500 J to detect explosions in the closed system at all, although flame Propagation phenomena can already be observed if these substances are ignited with much weaker ignition sources in open glass tubes. The explosions were very mild with these substances.
Autor*innen: | Enis AskarORCiD, Volkmar Schröder, T. Schmid, M. Schwarze |
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Dokumenttyp: | Zeitschriftenartikel |
Veröffentlichungsform: | Verlagsliteratur |
Sprache: | Englisch |
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch): | International Journal of Refrigeration |
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung: | 2018 |
Organisationseinheit der BAM: | 2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit |
2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit / 2.1 Sicherheit von Energieträgern | |
Verlag: | Elsevier Ltd and IIR |
Jahrgang/Band: | 90 |
Erste Seite: | 249 |
Letzte Seite: | 256 |
DDC-Klassifikation: | Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Ingenieurbau |
Freie Schlagwörter: | Explosion severity; Flammability limits; Hydrofluoroolefin (HFO); R1234yf; R1234ze; R32 |
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM: | Infrastruktur |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2018.04.009 |
ISSN: | 0140-7007 |
ISSN: | 1879-2081 |
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments: | Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access") |
Datum der Freischaltung: | 11.09.2018 |
Referierte Publikation: | Ja |
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation: | 11.09.2018 |