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Human factors approach to the reliability of NDT in nuclear waste management in Sweden and Finland

  • Nuclear power industry has the responsibility to manage and dispose of all radioactive waste from its plants. Finnish Posiva and Swedish SKB are leading in the world in the development of disposal of spent nuclear fuel. Their method consists of encapsulating spent nuclear fuel in copper canisters and depositing them in the bedrock at a depth of about 500 meters for the next 100 000 years, leaving the radioactivity to decrease naturally through the decay of the radioisotopes in it. The copper canisters, consisting of a copper tube, a lid and a bottom (which make the outer shell) and an insert made of a cast iron, need to be inspected for their structural integrity to ensure no critical defects are present in the materials and welds that could lead to a leakage of the waste into the environment. Data acquired by 4 different non-destructive testing (NDT) methods (i.e. UT, ET, RT and VT with a remote camera) are evaluated by skilled human operators and therefore could be subject to humanNuclear power industry has the responsibility to manage and dispose of all radioactive waste from its plants. Finnish Posiva and Swedish SKB are leading in the world in the development of disposal of spent nuclear fuel. Their method consists of encapsulating spent nuclear fuel in copper canisters and depositing them in the bedrock at a depth of about 500 meters for the next 100 000 years, leaving the radioactivity to decrease naturally through the decay of the radioisotopes in it. The copper canisters, consisting of a copper tube, a lid and a bottom (which make the outer shell) and an insert made of a cast iron, need to be inspected for their structural integrity to ensure no critical defects are present in the materials and welds that could lead to a leakage of the waste into the environment. Data acquired by 4 different non-destructive testing (NDT) methods (i.e. UT, ET, RT and VT with a remote camera) are evaluated by skilled human operators and therefore could be subject to human error. Human Factors approach lies in identifying potential errors made by the human, their causes and ways of preventing them. A customized Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) was conducted to anticipate possible human failures during the data evaluation. The results led to designing several experiments (e.g. diffusion of responsibility within the 4-eye principle, over trust in automated systems) which are being experimentally tested in ongoing projects. The results are expected to lead to the optimization of the procedures followed by the NDT operators and consequently to the improvement of the overall NDT reliability.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Autor*innen:Marija Bertovic, Christina Müller, B. Fahlbruch, J. Pitkänen, U. Ronneteg
Dokumenttyp:Beitrag zu einem Tagungsband
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):8th International conference on NDE in relation to structural integrity for nuclear and pressurised components (DGZfP-Proceedings)
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2010
Herausgeber (Institution):Deutsche Gesellschaft für Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (DGZfP)
Verlagsort:Berlin
Ausgabe/Heft:DGZfP-BB 125 (Th.3.A.2)
Erste Seite:1
Letzte Seite:10
Freie Schlagwörter:Human factors; NDT; Nuclear waste; Reliability
Veranstaltung:8th International conference on NDE in relation to structural integrity for nuclear and pressurised components
Veranstaltungsort:Berlin, Germany
Beginndatum der Veranstaltung:2010-09-29
Enddatum der Veranstaltung:2010-10-01
URL:http://www.ndt.net/article/jrc-nde2010/papers/32.pdf
ISBN:978-3-940283-30-6
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Physisches Exemplar in der Bibliothek der BAM vorhanden ("Hardcopy Access")
Bibliotheksstandort:Sonderstandort: Publica-Schrank
Datum der Freischaltung:19.02.2016
Referierte Publikation:Nein
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