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Experimental investigation of consequences of LPG vehicle tank failure under fire conditions

  • In case of a vehicle fire, an installed LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) tank with a malfunctioning safety device poses severe hazards. To investigate the consequences in case of tank failure, we conducted 16 tests with toroidal shaped LPG vehicle tanks. Three tanks were used for a Hydraulic Burst Test under standard conditions. Another three tanks were equipped with a statutory safety device and were subjected to a gasoline pool fire. The safety device prevented tank failure, as intended. To generate a statistically valid dataset on tank failure, ten tanks without safety devices were exposed to a gasoline pool fire. Five tanks were filled to a level of 20 %; the re-maining five were filled to a level of 100 %. In order to gain information on the heating process, three tem-perature readings at the tank surface, and three nearby flame temperatures were recorded. At distances of l = (7; 9; 11) m to the tank, the overpressure of the shock wave induced by the tank failure and the unsteadyIn case of a vehicle fire, an installed LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) tank with a malfunctioning safety device poses severe hazards. To investigate the consequences in case of tank failure, we conducted 16 tests with toroidal shaped LPG vehicle tanks. Three tanks were used for a Hydraulic Burst Test under standard conditions. Another three tanks were equipped with a statutory safety device and were subjected to a gasoline pool fire. The safety device prevented tank failure, as intended. To generate a statistically valid dataset on tank failure, ten tanks without safety devices were exposed to a gasoline pool fire. Five tanks were filled to a level of 20 %; the re-maining five were filled to a level of 100 %. In order to gain information on the heating process, three tem-perature readings at the tank surface, and three nearby flame temperatures were recorded. At distances of l = (7; 9; 11) m to the tank, the overpressure of the shock wave induced by the tank failure and the unsteady tem-peratures were measured. All ten tanks failed within a time of t < 5 min in a BLEVE (boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion). Seven of these resulted directly in a catastrophic failure. The other three resulted in partial failure followed by catastrophic failure. A near field overpressure at a distance of l = 7 m of up to p = 0.27 bar was measured. All ten tests showed massive fragmentation of the tank mantle. In total, 50 fragments were found. These 50 fragments make-up 88.6 % of the original tank mass. Each fragment was georeferenced and weighed. Fragment throwing distances of l > 250 m occurred. For the tanks with a fill level of 20 %, the average number of fragments was twice as high as it was for the tanks that were filled completely.zeige mehrzeige weniger

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Autor*innen:Rico TschirschwitzORCiD, Daniel Krentel, Martin Kluge, Enis AskarORCiD, Abdel Karim Habib, Harald Kohlhoff, Simone KrügerORCiD, Patrick P. NeumannORCiD, Michael Rudolph, André Schoppa, Sven-Uwe Storm, Mariusz Szczepaniak
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenartikel
Veröffentlichungsform:Verlagsliteratur
Sprache:Englisch
Titel des übergeordneten Werkes (Englisch):Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2018
Organisationseinheit der BAM:2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit
2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit / 2.1 Sicherheit von Energieträgern
2 Prozess- und Anlagensicherheit / 2.2 Prozesssimulation
3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher
3 Gefahrgutumschließungen; Energiespeicher / 3.0 Abteilungsleitung und andere
7 Bauwerkssicherheit
7 Bauwerkssicherheit / 7.5 Technische Eigenschaften von Polymerwerkstoffen
8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung
8 Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung / 8.1 Sensorik, mess- und prüftechnische Verfahren
Verlag:Elsevier
Verlagsort:Kidlington - Oxford
Jahrgang/Band:56
Erste Seite:278
Letzte Seite:288
DDC-Klassifikation:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Ingenieurwissenschaften / Ingenieurbau
Freie Schlagwörter:BLEVE; Blast wave; Consequences; Explosion; LPG
Themenfelder/Aktivitätsfelder der BAM:Infrastruktur
Infrastruktur / Fire Science
DOI:10.1016/j.jlp.2018.09.006
URL:https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1XnFv_Ld32ewKu
ISSN:0950-4230
Verfügbarkeit des Dokuments:Datei im Netzwerk der BAM verfügbar ("Closed Access")
Datum der Freischaltung:15.10.2018
Referierte Publikation:Ja
Datum der Eintragung als referierte Publikation:09.01.2019
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