TY - CONF A1 - Linke, S. A1 - Kühn, Julius A1 - Moritz, W. A1 - Krause, S. T1 - Catalytic properties of continuous gradient ternary palladium alloys T2 - SEMS Graduate Reserarch Show (Queen Mary University London) CY - London, England DA - 2011-10-19 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-25688 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neuschaefer-Rube, U. A1 - Bartscher, M. A1 - Neugebauer, M. A1 - Härtig, F. A1 - Goebbels, Jürgen A1 - Ehrig, Karsten A1 - Staude, Andreas T1 - Measurement of micro gears - comparison of optical, tactile-optical and CT-measurements N2 - Micro gears are applied in an increasing quantity in many applications. Therefore, precise measurements are of growing importance to ensure their quality. This contribution describes the measurement of gears of a micro planetary gear set with a tactile probe, a tactile-optical probe, an optical sensor, and computed tomography (CT). For the tactile measurements, a high precision piezoresistive microprobe was used. A so-called fiber probe was applied for tactile-optical measurements. This probe applies image processing to determine the position of the tactile probing element. For all tactile and tactile-optical measurements, single point probing was used. The optical measurements were carried out with an imaging sensor based on focus variation. Due to limited accessibility, on some gears not all regions could be measured by the optical sensor and the tactile-optical probe. In contrast to this, with CT the whole part could be measured with high point density. We used a micro-CT system and carried out measurements with Synchrotron-CT. All the sensors used deliver measurement data in Cartesian coordinates. It is a challenge to transfer these data into coordinates in which gear parameters are defined. For this, special attention must be paid to the determination of the gear axis and to the orientation of the teeth. The applied procedures are detailed for different micro gears. The comparison between data of different measurements was carried out successfully. The deviations between the CT data and the tactile or tactile-optical data lie in the range of only a few micrometers. KW - Micro gears KW - Coordinate metrology KW - Computed tomography KW - Optical sensors KW - Tactile probes PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.872413 SN - 0277-786X SN - 0038-7355 SN - 0361-0748 N1 - Serientitel: Proceedings series – Series title: Proceedings series IS - 7864 SP - 78640H-1 EP - 78640H-9 PB - VDE-Verl. CY - Berlin ; Offenbach AN - OPUS4-25998 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bertovic, Marija A1 - Müller, Christina A1 - Gaal, Mate A1 - Fahlbruch, B. A1 - Schombach, D. T1 - Faktor Mensch in der zerstörungsfreien Prüfung -die arbeitspsychologische Sicht, Einfluss auf die Ergebnisse bei der manuellen Ultraschallprüfung T2 - DGZfP - Seminar des FA Ultraschallprüfung CY - Offenbach am Main, Germany DA - 2011-11-09 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-26015 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bertovic, Marija A1 - Müller, Christina A1 - Gaal, Mate A1 - Fahlbruch, B. A1 - Pitkänen, J. A1 - Ronneteg, U. T1 - Faktor Mensch in der zerstörungsfreien Prüfung -die arbeitspsychologische Sicht, Einfluss bei der Datenauswertung mechanisierter Prüfungen T2 - DGZfP - Seminar des FA Ultraschallprüfung CY - Offenbach am Main, Germany DA - 2011-11-09 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-26016 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bertovic, Marija T1 - Konzepte für die Untersuchung des menschlichen Einflusses auf die Zuverlässigkeit der zertörungsfreien Prüfung T2 - TÜV NORD Akademie - Symposium CY - Hamburg, Germany DA - 2011-11-23 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-26017 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gumenyuk, Andrey T1 - Hybrid Laser Arc Welding of Structural Steels T2 - Ecole Centrale de Nantes CY - Nantes, France DA - 2011-04-05 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-26034 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kipphardt, Heinrich A1 - Traub, Heike A1 - Heinrich, Hans-Joachim A1 - Jakubowski, Norbert T1 - Development of Primary standards for element determination and trace analysis T2 - Institutskolloquium (CENAM) CY - Querétaro, Mexico DA - 2011-09-08 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-25953 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kipphardt, Heinrich T1 - Advance in non-metal determination T2 - Institutskolloquium (CENAM) CY - Querétaro, Mexico DA - 2011-09-09 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-25955 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Noack, J. A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Kirmse, H. A1 - Kemnitz, E. T1 - Sols of nanosized magnesium fluoride: formation and stabilisation of nanoparticles N2 - The formation of magnesium fluoride sols and xerogels according to the fluorolytic sol–gel synthesis based on the reaction of Mg(OMe)2 with non-aqueous HF has been thoroughly investigated by X-ray scattering (WAXS/XRD), TEM, SAXS, DLS and 19F MAS NMR spectroscopy. Mechanistic insights were gained by following the reaction progress and formation of intermediate phases of the fluorination of magnesium alkoxides. For F:Mg ratios of 0.3 and 0.4 the formation of two crystalline phases was observed containing the recently obtained compound [Mg6F2(OCH3)10(CH3OH)14] hexanuclear dicubane units. The stoichiometric reaction yields magnesium fluoride nanoparticles with crystallite sizes below 5 nm, which show broad reflections in the X-ray diffraction pattern. Metal fluoride sols prepared by this way undergo tremendous changes over the first several weeks after synthesis. Immediately after the fluorination, particles of about 120 nm—probably agglomerates—are formed, which break apart in the course of about one month of ageing and low-viscous, transparent sols with particles of about 12 nm are obtained. At the same time structural re-organisation processes within the magnesium fluoride particles are observed by an increase of the (110) reflection in WAXS. KW - Surface modification KW - Colloidal particles KW - Gold nanoparticles KW - Gel synthesis KW - Small-angle scattering KW - Oxide KW - Polyelectrolytes KW - Aggregation KW - Dispersion PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c1jm11943e SN - 0959-9428 SN - 1364-5501 VL - 21 IS - 38 SP - 15015 EP - 15021 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge AN - OPUS4-26183 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Böllinghaus, Thomas A1 - Mente, Tobias T1 - Schadensfälle geschweißter Rohrleitungen und Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung N2 - Aus wirtschaftlich-technischer Perspektive ergeben sich in den letzten zehn Jahren hinsichtlich der Werkstoffinnovation und -auswahl für geschweißte Rohrleitungen im Wesentlichen zwei Entwicklungsrichtungen: Im Bereich der niedriglegierten Stähle werden immer höher festere Feinkombaustähle mit Streckgrenzen von inzwischen über 900 MPa verwendet. Wirtschaftliches Ziel ist hierbei eine möglichst hohe Kosteneinsparung durch Reduktion der Wanddicke. Für korrosionsbeanspruchte Komponenten, unter anderem im Petrochemie- und Energieanlagenbau besteht das wirtschaftliche Ziel primär darin, eine höhere Kosteneinsparung durch neue Legierungskonzepte zu erzielen und zwar möglichst so, dass bei mindestens gleicher Festigkeit auf die Verwendung von teuren Elementen, wie beispielsweise Nickel, verzichtet werden kann. Beispiele hierfür sind insbesondere hochlegierte martensitische Cr-V-Stähle, supermartensitische Stähle, Lean-Duplexstähle, superaustenitische Stähle und austenitische Cr-Mn-Stähle. Für einige der neu eingeführten Grundwerkstoffe sind die Zusatzwerkstoffe noch in der Entwicklung. In jedem Fall stellen diese Werkstoffinnovationen besondere Ansprüche hinsichtlich einer Rissvermeidung während der schweißtechnischen Verarbeitung, um von vornherein riss- bzw. fehlerfreie Rohrleitungen herzustellen, die eine hohe Sicherheit gegen ein Versagen während der Inbetriebnahme und im Verlauf der vorgesehenen Lebensdauer aufweisen. Fast alle dieser neu eingeführten Rohrleitungswerkstoffe weisen eine reduzierte Heiß- oder Kaltrissresistenz vor allem während des Schweißens mit modernen Hochleistungsprozessen, bspw. Laserhybridschweißen, auf. Dabei besteht nach wie vor Forschungsbedarf hinsichtlich der jeweiligen Entstehungsmechanismen. Da es in den letzten zehn Jahren immer häufiger zu Produktionsausfällen und Schadensfällen mit teilweise katastrophalen Konsequenzen gekommen ist, werden die Ursachen und die Vermeidung fertigungsbedingter Heiß- und Kaltrisse im Folgenden zusammengefasst. T2 - 14. Sommerkurs Werkstoffe und Fügen CY - Magdeburg, Germany DA - 23.09.2011 PY - 2011 SN - 978-3-940961-56-3 SP - 45 EP - 54 CY - Magdeburg AN - OPUS4-26196 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Döring, Joachim A1 - Bartusch, Jürgen A1 - Gaal, Mate A1 - Erhard, Anton A1 - Bovtun, Viktor Petrovic A1 - Yakymenko, Y. T1 - High Voltage Excitation of Ferroelectret Ultrasonic Transducers: Advantages and Limitations T2 - EMF 2011 European Meeting on Ferroelectricity CY - Bordeaux, France DA - 2011-06-26 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-26213 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Daschewski, Maxim A1 - Prager, Jens A1 - Kreutzbruck, Marc A1 - Harrer, Andrea A1 - Guderian, Matthias A1 - Meyer-Plath, Asmus T1 - Characterisierung eines neuartigen, thermoakustischen Ultraschallwandlers T2 - 18. Workshop "Physikalische Akustik" CY - Bad Honnef, Germany DA - 2011-10-20 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-26219 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kannengießer, Thomas A1 - Evans, A. T1 - Effect of titanium and nitrogen on the transformation characteristics of acicular ferrite in reheated C-Mn steel weld metals T2 - IIW Annual Assembly CY - Denver, CO, USA DA - 2011-07-09 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-26166 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - THES A1 - Carvalho, José Joao T1 - Immunochemical and chromatographic methods for two anthropogenic markers of contamination in surface waters: caffeine and coprostanol N2 - Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) and coprostanol (5β-cholestan-3β-ol) were detected in samples of Berlin's surface water. Their concentrations correlated with the contamination status of the samples, suggesting their usefulness as markers of human activity. Remarkably, caffeine concentrations were always well above the limit of quantitation of 0.025 µg/L. In order to screen surface water samples in larger series, the development of two novel methods was required: a monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay for caffeine and a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) method, followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for coprostanol. The caffeine immunoassay developed shows the best analytical limit of detection (LOD) obtained so far for caffeine (0.001 µg/L), allows high-throughput analysis, and does not require sample pre-treatment. The assay was also successfully employed to measure caffeine in beverages, shampoos, caffeine tab-lets, and human saliva. Antibodies to coprostanol are not commercially available. A new strategy to generate anti-coprostanol antibodies was elaborated using an analogous com-pound as hapten – isolithocholic acid (ILA) – and immunizing a group of mice. A polyclonal anti-ILA serum was produced, which binds coprostanol but the low affinity did not permit setting up an immunoassay to measure environmental concentrations of the analyte (in the range of ng/L). Specific anti-ILA immunoglobulin G were also found in the faeces of the immunized mice. Coprostanol was quantified in the water samples using a newly developed LC-MS/MS method using atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI). Concentrations above 0.1 µg/L were determined after sample preconcentration using DLLME. This extraction method also proved to be successful for enrichment of coprostanol-related compounds such as cholesterol, cholestanol, cholestanone, ergosterol, and stigmasterol. KW - Immunoassay KW - ELISA KW - Koffein KW - Coprostanol KW - Marker KW - Umweltanalytik KW - LC-MS/MS KW - Hybridoma-Technik PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.18452/16420 SP - 1 EP - 280 CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-26389 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bethke, John T1 - Stand der Normung (ISO/DIS 16495)/ Revision der BAM-GGR 004 / Entwicklung eines "Kochbuches" (Leitfaden für die Prüfung von Gefahrgutverpackungen) T2 - Sitzung des BAM AK Prüfstellen CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2011-09-23 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-26322 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bethke, John T1 - BAM-GGR 012 - Nachweis der ausreichenden chemischen Verträglichkeit von Verpackungen zur Beförderung gefährlicher Güter aus Polyethylen und aus koextrudiertem Kunststoff gegenüber flüssigen Stoffen. T2 - Sitzung des BAM AK Prüfstellen, BAM CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2011-09-23 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-26323 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - King, M.J. A1 - Iacobucci, P.A. A1 - Mak, W.A. A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter T1 - Report about the IGUS EOS meeting 2011 in Washington, D.C. N2 - IGUS is the International Group of Experts on the Explosion Risks of Unstable Substances. IGUS was established in 1962 with the objective to harmonize test methods used by different countries to identify and quantify the explosive properties of unstable materials. Over the years, IGUS has continued to offer scientists, who are advisers to their governments, and others, a forum to exchange data and information. The Energetic and Oxidizing Substances (EOS) working group as a sub-group of IGUS is dealing with test methods, Classification and safety aspects relating to organic peroxides, self-reactive substances and other energetic substances, fertilizers, ammonium nitrate and oxidizers. The EOS working group holds an annual meeting alternating between Europe, the United States and Japan. The 2011 meeting took place from the 27th to the 29th of April 2011 at the Madison Hotel in Washington, D. C. The meeting was hosted by the Organic Peroxide Producers Safety Division (OPPSD) of the Society of Plastics Industry, Inc. (SPI). This was the fourth EOS meeting held in the USA since 1994. Of particular importance is the fact that 39 colleagues from authorities, universities, research institutes and industries attended the meeting. The delegates came from USA, Canada, China, France, The Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom and Germany. This confirms the breadth and scope of this forum and the value the participants associate with being able to contact other colleagues from around the world enabling the effective exchange of scientific results and discussion on the wide-ranging Problems concerning energetic and oxidizing materials. T2 - IGUS EOS Meeting 2011 CY - Washington D.C., USA DA - 27.04.2011 KW - IGUS KW - EOS KW - Organic peroxides KW - Self-reactive substances KW - Test methods KW - Oxidizers KW - Round robin test PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 4 AN - OPUS4-26364 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Linke, B. A1 - Schulze, S. A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Corrosion in pipe steels exposed to supercritical CO2 during carbon capture and storage CCS N2 - The CCS technique involves the compression of emission gasses in deep geological layers. To guarantee the safety of the site, CO2-corrosion of the injection pipe steels has to be given special attention when engineering CCS-sites. To get to know the corrosion behaviour samples of the heat treated steel 1.72252CrMo4, used for casing, and the stainless injection-pipe steel 1.4034 X46Cr13 were kept at T=60 °C and ambient pressure as well as p=100 bar for 700 h - 8000 h in a CC 2-saturated synthetic aquifer environment similar to possible geological on-shore CCS-sites in the northern German Basin. The isothermal corrosion behaviour obtained by mass gain of the steels in the gas phase, the liquid phase and the intermediate phase gives surface corrosion rates around 0.1 to 0.8 mm/year at ambient pressure and much lower about 0.02 to 0.2 mm/year at 100 bar where the CO 2 is in its supercritical state. Severe pit corrosion with pit heights around 4.5 mm are only located on the 42CrMo4 steel. Main phase of the continuous complicated multi-layered carbonate/oxide structure is siderite FeCO 3 in both types of steel. T2 - EUROCORR 2011 - Developing solutions for the global challenge CY - Stockholm, Sweden DA - 04.09.2011 KW - Steel KW - Pipeline KW - Corrosion KW - Carbonate layer KW - CCS KW - CO2-storage PY - 2011 SP - Paper 1044-1 EP - Paper 1044-8 AN - OPUS4-28008 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Linke, B. A1 - Schulze, S. A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Static and dynamic long term corrosion experiments in CCS-conditions N2 - Dealing with first corrosion screening experiments to predict the reliability and safety of Germanys first Carbon Capture and Storage site in the northern Bassin of Germany, northwest of the Capital Berlin, laboratory experiments have been established to simulate the particular conditions at T=60 °C, highly saline aquifer water similar to 'Stuttgart Aquifer', but only at ambient pressure. With mounting 2 independent full 2-grade titanium autoclave systems (running up to 250 bar and 300 °C) pressures up to p=100 bar are possible. In 2010 a specific corrosion chamber of 2-grade titanium working up to 100 °C, flowing aqui fer water with different gas mixtures was designed to fit to a high cycle fatigue testing machine. Long term fatigue experiments simulating fatigue crack growth under corrosive environments will soon start. These experiments may not only help engineering a CCS site, but results can be used to improve the maintenance of geothermal energy production sites, especially moved parts such as pumps and shafts. T2 - EUROCORR 2011 - Developing solutions for the global challenge CY - Stockholm, Sweden DA - 04.09.2011 KW - CO2 KW - Static corrosion KW - High cycle fatigue KW - Steel KW - CCS KW - CO2-storage KW - Corrosion PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 7 (Paper 1087) AN - OPUS4-28009 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stähler, S.C. A1 - Sens-Schönfelder, C. A1 - Niederleithinger, Ernst T1 - Monitoring stress changes in a concrete bridge with coda wave interferometry N2 - Coda wave interferometry is a recent analysis method now widely used in seismology. It uses the increased sensitivity of multiply scattered elastic waves with long travel-times for monitoring weak changes in a medium. While its application for structural monitoring has been shown to work under laboratory conditions, the usability on a real structure with known material changes had yet to be proven. This article presents experiments on a concrete bridge during construction. The results show that small velocity perturbations induced by a changing stress state in the structure can be determined even under adverse conditions. Theoretical estimations based on the stress calculations by the structural engineers are in good agreement with the measured velocity variations. KW - Bridges (structures) KW - Concrete KW - Interferometry KW - Structural acoustics PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3553226 SN - 0001-4966 SN - 1520-8524 VL - 129 IS - 4 SP - 1945 EP - 1952 PB - AIP CY - Melville, NY, USA AN - OPUS4-28588 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Witt, Jens A1 - Krebber, Katerina A1 - Demuth, J. A1 - Sasek, L. T1 - Fiber optic heart rate sensor for integration into personal protective equipment N2 - This paper reports on a fiber optic sensor for heart rate measurements. The sensor will be integrated into personal protective equipment within the framework of the FP7 EU project i-Protect. Two different sensor prototypes were developed. One is based on fiber Bragg gratings in silica fiber and the other one is based on macrobending effects in polymer optical fiber. T2 - International workshop BioPhotonics 2011 CY - Parma, Italy DA - 08.06.2011 KW - Smart textile KW - Healthcare monitoring KW - Fiber optical sensor KW - FBG KW - Heart rate sensor KW - Macrobending sensor PY - 2011 SN - 978-1-4244-9837-6 DO - https://doi.org/10.1109/IWBP.2011.5954836 IS - Th6.26 SP - 1 EP - 3 AN - OPUS4-24498 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Witt, Jens A1 - Schukar, Marcus A1 - Breithaupt, Mathias A1 - Müller, Bernd R. A1 - Krebber, Katerina T1 - MPOF LPGs as radiation sensors N2 - We investigated to our knowledge for the first time the capabilities of long period gratings (LPG) in single-mode microstructured polymer optical fibre (mPOF) as real-time gamma dosimeter. The fibre is made from polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) with a polycarbonate jacket. We measured the radiation-induced wavelength shift of the mPOF LPG loss feature wavelength and the radiation-induced attenuation of a mPOF for different wavelength between 600 nm and 800 nm for gamma radiation with an energy distribution between 6 keV and 18 keV. T2 - POF 2011 - 20th International conference on plastic optical fibers CY - Bilbao, Spain DA - 14.09.2011 KW - Microstructured polymer optical fibre (mPOF) KW - Long period grating (LPG) KW - Radiation sensor PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 3 AN - OPUS4-24499 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Witt, Jens A1 - Schukar, Marcus A1 - Krebber, Katerina A1 - Demuth, J. A1 - Sasek, L. T1 - Heart rate sensor for integration into personal protective equipment N2 - This paper reports on a fibre optic sensor for heart rate measurement which is developed within the framework of the FP7 EU project i-Protect. Goal is integration of the sensor into personal protective equipment Two different sensor prototypes based on polymer optical fibre (POF) were developed. One is based on long period gratings in microstrutured POF and the other one is based on macrobending effects in POF. T2 - POF 2011 - 20th International conference on plastic optical fibers CY - Bilbao, Spain DA - 14.09.2011 KW - Heart rate sensor KW - Long period grating KW - Macrobending sensor KW - Microstructured POF (mPOF) KW - Personal protective equipment (PPE) KW - Physiological sensor PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 5 AN - OPUS4-24500 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Witt, Jens A1 - Breithaupt, Mathias A1 - Erdmann, Jessica A1 - Krebber, Katerina T1 - Humidity sensing based on microstructured POF long period gratings N2 - We investigated the capabilities of long period gratings (LPG) in single-mode microstructured polymer optical fibre (mPOF) for humidity sensing. For that mPOF LPGs were exposed to different humidity levels at a constant temperature of 30°C in a climate chamber. During the long term tests, which took up several weeks, the humidity was changed in several steps while mPOF LPG wavelength and fibre attenuation were measured. We also measured the water uptake of mPOF in environment with different relative humidity. T2 - POF 2011 - 20th International conference on plastic optical fibers CY - Bilbao, Spain DA - 14.09.2011 KW - Microstructured polymer optical fibre (mPOF) KW - Long period grating (LPG) KW - Humidity sensor PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 6 AN - OPUS4-24501 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Mechanisms of plasma polymerization - reviewed from a chemical point of view N2 - Several reaction mechanisms have been proposed for the formation of plasma polymers, such as monomer fragmentation followed by poly-recombination into randomly structured and crosslinked films; fragmentation, accompanied by the formation of acetylene or other film-forming intermediates and deposition of polystyrene-like material; plasma-initiation of a radical chain-growth polymerization; and ion-molecule reactions, as well as ionic chain-growth polymerization. The bulk structure of plasma polymers is completely irregular, far from that of conventional polymers. The retention of functional groups during plasma polymerization tends to be greater than that of the entire monomer structure found again as an intact repeat unit in the resulting plasma polymer. An alternative method for depositing ultra-thin, pin-hole free coatings, ones that possess regular structures, is by electrospray ionization (ESI) of pre-fabricated polymers. KW - Fragmentation-recombination KW - Mechanism KW - Plasma polymerization KW - Pulsed plasma KW - Structure of plasma polymers PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/ppap.201100038 SN - 1612-8850 SN - 1612-8869 VL - 8 IS - 9 SP - 783 EP - 802 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-24502 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Berger, Wolfgang A1 - Kalbe, Ute A1 - Krüger, Oliver A1 - Hennecke, D. T1 - Aktueller Stand der Entwicklung von Elutionsverfahren für organische Schadstoffe (E DIN 19527 und DIN 19528) T2 - Fachveranstaltung des Altlastenforums BW "Novellierung der BBodSchV und GrundwasserV - Auswirkungen auf die Praxis der Altlastenbearbeitung" CY - Stuttgart, Germany DA - 2011-10-20 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24507 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böllinghaus, Thomas A1 - Gumenyuk, Andrey A1 - Quiroz Penaranda, Vanessa ED - Lippold, J. ED - Böllinghaus, T. ED - Cross, C.E. ED - et al., T1 - Short Term Metallurgy and Hot Cracking During Laser Beam Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steels N2 - Industrial application of high alloyed austenitic stainless steel laser welding has grown significantly in the recent time due to the continuous improvement of compact and high power density lasers systems. The application of such processes meanwhile ranges from pipeline or railway car body manufacturing to the production of household wares. The largest advantages of the laser application to welding production are much higher welding speeds, reduction or complete exclusion of welding consumables, easy design of the weld joints, decrease of thermal distortions and thus, costs saving. In contrast to arc welding, laser beam welding might particularly be associated with metallurgical defects, like the formation of hot cracks. Such phenomena are related to an order of magnitude higher temperature gradients and cooling rates in the solidification zone, providing rapid solidification kinetics which may cause significant segregation of alloying elements such as Ni and Cr and respective undercooling of the solute at the solidification front. In specific metastable austenitic stainless steels alloys in vicinity of the so called eutectic rim of the Fe-Cr-Ni constitutional diagram, such effects might entail a change of solidification mode from primary ferrite to austenite, providing an increased risk of solidification cracking. Previous studies has shown that the primary solidification mode change during laser beam welding of Cr-Ni austenitic stainless steels such alloys could be effectively influenced by nitrogen absorption as well as by the laser plasma type and also proved the occurrence of metastable primary ferritic solidification. In the present contribution, such results are compared to recent investigations of laser welding newer austenitic Fe-Cr-Mn-Ni steel grades by identification of respective hot cracking critical welding parameter intervals and strain rates in the Controlled Thermal Weldability (CTW) Test. PY - 2011 SN - 978-3-642-16863-5 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16864-2_7 IS - Part 2 SP - 103 EP - 129 PB - Springer CY - Berlin, Heidelberg AN - OPUS4-24348 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Böllinghaus, Thomas A1 - Mente, Tobias T1 - Trends in investigating hydrogen cracking and diffusion in steel welds N2 - ♦ Elongation of the Service life of existent components ♦ Inovative light weight design ♦ Higher strength of the applied materials ♦ Increasingly aggressive environments T2 - 64th IIW Annual assembly and international conference CY - Chennai, India DA - 17.07.2011 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24349 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martínez-Mánez, Ramon A1 - Sancenón, F. A1 - Biyikal, Mustafa A1 - Hecht, Mandy A1 - Rurack, Knut T1 - Mimicking tricks from nature with sensory organic-inorganic hybrid materials N2 - Design strategies for (bio)chemical systems that are inspired by nature's accomplishments in system design and operation on various levels of complexity are increasingly gaining in importance. Within the broad field of biomimetic chemistry, this article highlights various attempts toward improved and sophisticated sensory materials that rely on the combination of supramolecular (bio)chemical recognition principles and nanoscopic solid structures. Examples range from more established concepts such as hybrid sensing ensembles with improved sensitivity and selectivity or for target analytes for which selectivity is hard to achieve by conventional methods, which were often inspired by protein binding pockets or ion channels in membranes, to very recent approaches relying on target-gated amplified signalling with functionalised mesoporous inorganic supports and the integration of native biological sensory species such as transmembrane proteins in spherically supported bilayer membranes. Besides obvious mimicry of recognition-based processes, selected approaches toward chemical transduction junctions utilizing artificially organized synapses, hybrid ensembles for improved antibody generation and uniquely colour changing systems are discussed. All of these strategies open up exciting new prospects for the development of sensing concepts and sensory devices at the interface of nanotechnology, smart materials and supramolecular (bio)chemistry. KW - Sensorik KW - Supramolekulare Chemie KW - Biomimetik KW - Nanotechnologie KW - Hybridmaterialien PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c1jm11210d SN - 0959-9428 SN - 1364-5501 VL - 21 IS - 34 SP - 12588 EP - 12604 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge AN - OPUS4-24352 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pauli, Jutta A1 - Brehm, Robert A1 - Grabolle, Markus A1 - Behnke, Thomas A1 - Mathejczyk, J. A1 - Hamann, F. A1 - Alves, F. A1 - Hilger, I. A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute ED - Achilefu, S. ED - Raghavachari, R. T1 - Dye-biomolecule conjugates and NIR-fluorescent particles for targeting of disease-related biomarkers N2 - Indispensable for fluorescence imaging are highly specific and sensitive molecular probes that absorb and emit in the near infrared (NIR) spectral region and respond to or target molecular species or processes. Here, we present approaches to targeted fluorescent probes for in vivo imaging in the intensity and lifetime domain exploiting NIR dyes. Screening schemes for the fast identification of suitable fluorophores are derived and design criteria for highly emissive optical probes. In addition, as a signal amplification strategy that enables also the use of hydrophobic NIR fluorophores as fluorescent reporters, first steps towards versatile strategies for the preparation of NIR-fluorescent polymeric particles are presented that can be utilized also for the design of targeted and analyte-responsive probes. KW - Fluorescence KW - Fluorescence lifetime imaging KW - Near-infrared KW - NIR KW - Cyanine dye KW - Cancer KW - In vivo imaging KW - Aggregation KW - Nanoparticle PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.876828 SN - 1605-7422 N1 - Serientitel: Proceedings of SPIE – Series title: Proceedings of SPIE IS - 7910 SP - 791014-1 EP - 791014-15 AN - OPUS4-24353 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwenk, Christopher A1 - Tikhomirov, D. A1 - Eßer, G. A1 - Rethmeier, Michael T1 - General standard for welding simulation N2 - Für die Abgrenzung der Anwendbarkeit verschiedener Methoden der numerischen Schweißsimulation sowie für die Vereinheitlichung der Voraussetzungen und der durchzuführenden Schritte bei der Simulation sind normative Regelwerke für den Anwender erforderlich. Da es derzeit noch keine normähnlichen Dokumente auf diesem Gebiet gibt, wurde vom Deutschen Institut für Normung e.V. DIN in Zusammenarbeit mit der Forschungsvereinigung des DVS Deutscher Verband für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren e.V. ein Arbeitsausschuss gegründet, welcher sich mit der Erarbeitung der entsprechenden Dokumente befasst. Der vorliegende Beitrag konzentriert sich auf die Vorstellung der neuen DIN Spec 32534-1, welche die grundlegenden Simulations-Schritte erläutert und ihre Anwendungsfelder sowie die Schlüsselbegriffe spezifiziert. Des Weiteren wurde eine allgemein gültige Simulationsstruktur erarbeitet, welche als Empfehlung für den Auftraggeber und den Auftragnehmer bei der Formulierung und Abwicklung eines Dienstleistungsauftrages sowie für den Neueinstieg in die Schweißsimulation dienen soll. Schließlich wird ein Ausblick auf die weiteren Themenfelder des Arbeitsausschusses sowie auf die internationalen Aktivitäten auf diesem Gebiet gegeben. N2 - For differentiating the applicability of various numerical welding simulation methods as well as unifying the prerequisites and the steps to be taken in simulation, normative codes are required for the user. Since any standard-like documents are currently still lacking in this field, the DIN German Institute for Standardization in partnership with the Research Association of DVS German Welding Society have set up a standards committee dealing with the preparation of respective documents. This article focuses on the presentation of the new DIN Spec 32534-1 explaining the major simulation steps and specifying the application fields and the key terms of welding simulation. In addition, a generally valid simulation structure has been established which is intended to serve as a recommendation for customers and suppliers in formulating and handling a service order as well as for persons who start doing welding simulation for the first time. It additionally gives an overview of the other subject areas dealt with in the standards committee as well as of the international activities in this field. PY - 2011 UR - 10.3139/120.110257 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 53 IS - 9 SP - 522 EP - 527 PB - Hanser CY - München AN - OPUS4-24355 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ehrig, Karsten A1 - Goebbels, Jürgen A1 - Meinel, Dietmar A1 - Paetsch, O. A1 - Prohaska, S. A1 - Zobel, Valentin T1 - Comparison of crack detection methods for analyzing damage processes in concrete with computed tomography N2 - Analyzing damages at concrete structures due to physical, chemical, and mechanical exposures need the application of innovative non-destructive testing methods that are able to trace spatial changes of microstructures. Here, the utility of three different crack detection methods for the analysis of computed tomograms of various cementitious building materials is evaluated. Due to the lack of reference samples and standardized image quality evaluation procedures, the results are compared with manually segmented reference data sets. A specific question is how automatic crack detection can be used for the quantitative characterization of damage processes, such as crack length and volume. The crack detection methods have been integrated into a scientific visualization system that allows displaying the tomography images as well as presenting the results. T2 - DIR 2011 - International symposium on digital industrial raidology and computed tomography CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 20.06.2011 KW - Crack detection KW - Computed tomography KW - Data visualization PY - 2011 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-243569 SN - 978-3-940283-34-4 IS - DGZfP-BB 128 (Poster 2) SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Deutsche Gesellscahft für Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e.V. (DGZfP) AN - OPUS4-24356 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kupsch, Andreas A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Grothausmann, R. A1 - Manke, I. T1 - Application of the DIRECTT algorithm to sub-nanometer electron tomography N2 - Tomography data obtained from transmission electron microscopes are especially attractive due to their unrivaled spatial resolution in the nanometer range or even less, but they require enormous efforts in sample preparation and suffer from a diverse accumulation of experimental restrictions, which unavoidably result in fundamental reconstruction artifacts. These restrictions refer to: partial opacity, a limited view (limited angle or missing wedge), very few angles (with respect to the detector size), limited to a region of interest (ROI; due to the sample size), variable angular increments as well as sample degradation due the interactions with the electron beam. An advanced version of the DIRECTT (Direct Iterative Reconstruction of Computed Tomography Trajectories) algorithm proves to cope with most of these severe deviations from ideal CT measuring conditions. However, careful data preprocessing is required in order to exploit the capabilities of the algorithm. Nanometer sized Ruthenium catalyst particles for fuel cell applications are 3D imaged at a few Ångström resolution in order to estimate their partial free surface on carbon black supports, which rule the efficiency of the catalytic activity. Comparisons of DIRECTT reconstructions to the conventional filtered back projection, prove the significant improvements. T2 - DIR 2011 - International symposium on digital industrial raidology and computed tomography CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 20.06.2011 KW - Electron tomography KW - Computed tomography KW - Reconstruction algorithms PY - 2011 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-243577 SN - 978-3-940283-34-4 IS - DGZfP-BB 128 (Tu.3.3) SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Deutsche Gesellscahft für Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e.V. (DGZfP) AN - OPUS4-24357 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwenk, Christopher A1 - Tikhomirov, D. T1 - Standardisierung der numerischen Schweißsimulation N2 - Für die Abgrenzung der Anwendbarkeit verschiedener Methoden der numerischen Schweißsimulation sowie für die Vereinheitlichung der Voraussetzungen und der durchzuführenden Schritte bei der Simulation sind normative Regelwerke für den Anwender erforderlich. Da es derzeit noch keine normähnlichen Dokumente auf diesem Gebiet gibt, wurde vom DIN der Arbeitsausschuss NA 092-00-29-A "Schweißsimulation" gegründet, welcher sich mit der Erarbeitung der entsprechenden Dokumente befasst. Dieses Gremium wurde gemeinsam mit dem Gemeinschaftsausschuss FA 12 "Anwendungsnahe Schweißsimulation" der Forschungsvereinigung des DVS initiiert. Das Ziel der Normungsarbeit im Bereich der numerischen Schweißsimulation besteht in der Erarbeitung einer DIN SPEC, die die Vorgehensweisen bei der Simulation verschiedener Schweißphänomene und -verfahren langfristig standardisieren soll. In einem durch den genannten Arbeitsausschuss bereits vorbereiteten Entwurf der DIN SPEC 32534-1 wurde die Struktur des Hauptdokuments festgelegt. Im Hauptdokument sind die Anwendungsbereiche und die wesentlichen Begriffe der Schweißsimulation spezifiziert. Des Weiteren wurde die allgemein gültige Simulationsstruktur erarbeitet, welche als Empfehlung für den Auftraggeber und den Auftragnehmer bei der Formulierung und Abwicklung eines Dienstleistungsauftrages sowie für den Neueinstieg in die Schweißsimulation dienen soll. Den Schwerpunkt stellt die Vorstellung der neuen DIN SPEC mit der Erläuterung der wesentlichen Simulationsschritte dar. Im Weiteren wird auf die Klassifizierung der Unterdokumente in Abhängigkeit des Schweißverfahrens und des angestrebten Simulationsergebnisses eingegangen. Schließlich wird ein Ausblick auf die weiteren Themenfelder des Arbeitsausschusses NA 092-00-29-A "Schweißsimulation" sowie auf die internationalen Aktivitäten auf diesem Gebiet gegeben. T2 - DVS Congress 2011 - Große Schweißtechnische Tagung CY - Hamburg, Deutschland DA - 27.09.2011 PY - 2011 SN - 978-3-87155-267-0 VL - 275 SP - 21 EP - 26 PB - DVS Media GmbH CY - Düsseldorf AN - OPUS4-24558 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ünal, Murat A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten T1 - Dalles de verre - damage mechanisms, maintenance techniques and mortars for restoration N2 - The present article gives an insight into the research project BEGLARES. Main topics are the restoration “Dalles de Verre” Windows and the development of repair mortars and techniques. This project is executed in cooperation between Glasmalerei Peters GmbH, the University of York, and the BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing. It is funded by the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology. The main mechanism of damage, Standards for protection and repair of concrete structures, and the development of repair mortar and special test specimens are presented. T2 - EWCHP-2011 - European workshop on cultural heritage preservation CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 26.09.2011 KW - Dalles de verre KW - Carbonation KW - Maintenance planning KW - Current state analysis KW - Repair techniques PY - 2011 SN - 978-3-8167-8560-6 SP - 289 EP - 293 AN - OPUS4-24560 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ramge, Peter A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Repair mortars for the restoration and reprofiling of natural stone elements in cultural heritage N2 - For the protection of the world's cultural heritage the restoration of listed buildings and monuments is an important task. In many cases the need to repair and reprofile natural stone elements occurs. Repair mortars for such applications have to match historicocultural interests as well as durability related and constructive interests. Currently a research project dealing with the development and optimisation of such mortars is set up at the BAM. Special focus is laid on the possibility of a modular adaption to match a vast variety of stone properties. Besides the development and lab scale testing of the mortar system, an in-situ application will be planned and executed. T2 - EWCHP-2011 - European workshop on cultural heritage preservation CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 26.09.2011 KW - Repair mortar KW - Natural stone KW - Stone restoration KW - Stone reprofiling KW - Modular system KW - Listed buildings and monuments PY - 2011 SN - 978-3-8167-8560-6 SP - 281 EP - 288 AN - OPUS4-24561 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Krüger, Oliver A1 - Christoph, Gabriele A1 - Kalbe, Ute A1 - Berger, Wolfgang T1 - Monitoring of PAH in aqueous samples - a comparison of different sample preparation techniques T2 - International conference environmental (bio)technologies CY - Gdansk, Poland DA - 2011-09-05 KW - Stir bar sorptive extraction KW - Liquid-liquid extraction KW - Leaching, batch test KW - Column test KW - Complex aqueous matrix PY - 2011 IS - Paper 21 SP - 1 EP - 16 AN - OPUS4-24562 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Woydt, Mathias T1 - Biolubrifiants N2 - Un point de départ pour la mise en route des lubrifiants « neutre à l'environnement » ont été les huiles perdues et les fuites accidentelles, les lubrifiants perdus rejoignant les sols et les eaux (voir lac de Constance). Même en prenant en compte les voies du recyclage, la combustion dans les moteurs et les fuites connues, environ 30 % (entre 20 % et 40 %, selon les études) du volume de lubrifiants entre dans l'environnement par des voies non attribuables ou est probablement mis en décharge de manière illégale. Avec de tels chiffres publics, les arguments des lobbyistes de l'industrie pétrochimique, affirmant que, dans la plupart des applications, les fluides sont enfermés dans des réservoirs clos et étanches, ne convainquent pas les politiques. C'est aussi peut-être parce que, en Allemagne, environ 60 % des particuliers changent leur huile eux-mêmes. KW - Bioöle KW - Gesetzgebung KW - Ester KW - Polyglykole KW - Mineralöle KW - Toxikologie KW - Abbaubarkeit KW - Nachwachsend PY - 2011 SN - 2114-2300 IS - 9 SP - TRI 1 800-1-11, EP - Doc TRI 1 800-1 CY - Paris, France AN - OPUS4-24563 LA - fra AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Herbst, Tristan A1 - Rübner, Katrin A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Hauer, B. T1 - Assessment concept for the sustainable use of secondary aggregates in concrete N2 - Nowadays there are several applications of mineral recycling materials and residues. At present an assessment method for the use of secondary raw materials, which considers sustainability aspects, does not exist. In the framework of the German DAfStb/BMBF research project 'Sustainable Building with Concrete' an assessment concept was developed. It includes the following four assessment steps: I. Basic considerations, II. Advantages for sustainable construction, III. Alternative paths for application, and IV. Sensitivity analysis. The concept was developed on the basis of recycled concrete aggregates, which are already used according to German standards. Afterwards, it was applied and verified by the evaluation of the utilisation of municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ashes. T2 - International RILEM conference on advances in construction materials through science and engineering CY - Hong Kong, China DA - 05.09.2011 KW - Sustainability KW - Assessment KW - Secondary aggregates KW - Concrete PY - 2011 SN - 978-2-35158-116-2 VL - PRO 79 IS - Chapter 10 / Study of sustainable use... SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - RILEM Publications AN - OPUS4-24564 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schmigalla, S. A1 - Heyn, Andreas A1 - Wesling, V. A1 - Reiter, R. A1 - Echtermeyer, P. T1 - Investigation of the pitting corrosion behaviour of nickel based alloy claddings by evaluation of electrochemical noise measurements N2 - Claddings of different nickel based alloys were generated on a mild Steel (S235JR) and a stainless steel type 304 by Cold Metal Transfer (CMT). This welding procedure possesses a low degree of mixing between the Substrate and cladding material. Thus it improves the corrosion behaviour of the claddings. The aim of our investigations was to examine the effect of the welding parameters: energy per unit length, shielding gas and finishing surface treatment on the pitting corrosion behaviour of the claddings. However, under Standard test conditions nickel based alloys are often resistant to pitting corrosion. Moreover these test methods are inaccurate and require a large period of time resulting from the iterative progress to determine the critical pitting temperature (CPT). A potentiostatic test method was modified using a high concentrated CaCI2-solution and a conventional three electrode measuring cell. The pitting corrosion behaviour is calculated from current noise charges. During the test the course of corrosion is detected online by the evaluation of electrochemical noise Signals while a continuous increase of temperature by a defined heating rate is realised. Thus a critical pitting temperature can be estimated by only one attempt. Furthermore the deviation of the measured CPT is very low compared to Standard tests using gravimetrical and microscopic evaluation. That enables to figure out the influence of the welding parameters in an exact way. T2 - EUROCORR 2011 - Developing solutions for the global challenge CY - Stockholm, Sweden DA - 04.09.2011 KW - Nickelbasislegierung KW - Plattieren KW - Schweißverfahren KW - Cold metal transfer KW - Korrosionsprüfung KW - Elektrochemie KW - Elektrochemisches Rauschen PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 9 AN - OPUS4-24565 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Kupsch, Andreas A1 - Müller, Bernd R. A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - Numerical correction of X-ray detector backlighting T2 - HZB User Meeting 2011 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2011-11-30 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24566 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weimann, Karin T1 - Abbruchmethoden vor dem Hintergrund der Ersatzbaustoffverordnung N2 - Beim Abbruch von Gebäuden wird eine Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Techniken eingesetzt. Der mit Abstand größte Teil der Abbrucharbeiten wird dabei mit mechanischen Verfahren ausgeführt. In Abhängigkeit vom rückzubauenden Gebäude können aber auch hydrodynamische Verfahren (z. B. Hochdruckwasserstrahlen), thermische Verfahren (z. B. Schneidbrennen) oder chemische Verfahren (z. B. Sprengen) angewandt werden. T2 - BGRB-Kongress - Ressourcenschonung durch Baustoff-Recycling CY - Königswinter/Bonn, Deutschland DA - 13.09.2011 KW - Bauschutt KW - Ersatzbaustoffverordnung PY - 2011 SP - 23 EP - 26 AN - OPUS4-24508 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gollwitzer, Christian A1 - Bellon, Carsten A1 - Deresch, Andreas A1 - Ewert, Uwe A1 - Jaenisch, Gerd-Rüdiger T1 - On POD estimations with radiographic simulator aRTist N2 - The computer simulation of radiography is applicable for different purposes in NDT such as for the qualification of NDT systems, the optimization of system parameters, feasibility analysis, model-based data interpretation, education and training of NDT/NDE personnel, and others. Within the framework of the European project PICASSO simulators will be adapted to support reliability assessments of NDT tasks. The radiographic simulator aRTist developed by BAM is well suited for this task. It combines analytical modelling of the RT inspection process with the CAD-orientated object description applicable to various industrial sectors such as power generation, aerospace, railways and others. The analytic model includes the description of the radiation source, the interaction of Radiation with the material of the part, and the detection process with special focus to DIR. To support reliability estimations the simulation tool is completed by a tool for probability of detection (POD) estimation. It consists of a user interface for planning automatic simulation runs with varying parameters, specifically defect variations. Further, an automatic image analysis procedure is included to evaluate the defect visibility and calculate the POD therefrom. T2 - International symposium on digital industrial radiology and computed tomography CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 20.06.2011 KW - Radiographie KW - Computersimulation KW - Probability of detection PY - 2011 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-245092 SN - 978-3-940283-34-4 IS - DGZfP-BB 128 (Tu.2.3) SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e.V. (DGZfP) AN - OPUS4-24509 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Unger, Wolfgang A1 - Min, Hyegeun A1 - Wettmarshausen, Sascha A1 - Friedrich, Jörg F. T1 - A ToF-SIMS study of the deuterium - hydrogen exchange induced by ammonia plasma treatment of polyolefins T2 - 18.th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectreometry CY - Riva del Garda, Italy DA - 2011-09-19 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24510 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Unger, Wolfgang A1 - Min, Hyegeun A1 - Wettmarshausen, Sascha A1 - Friedrich, Jörg F. T1 - A ToF-SIMS study of the deuterium - hydrogen exchange induced by ammonia plasma treatment of polyolefins T2 - 14th European Conference on Applications of Surface and Interface Analysis (ECASIA'11) CY - Cardiff, Wales DA - 2011-09-04 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24511 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kusche, Nadine A1 - Schukar, Vivien A1 - Schilder, Constanze A1 - Köppe, Enrico A1 - Habel, Wolfgang ED - Chang, F.-K. T1 - Development and qualification of FBG-based strain patches and rosettes N2 - A fibre Bragg grating (FBG) strain patch specially adapted for long-term and high-strain applications was developed and characterised. Additionally, in the case of unknown main stress axis, two fibre optic strain rosettes were developed. The design concept for the patch and the rosettes is based on a glass fibre reinforced plastic (gfrp) carrier material. The patches were characterised due to their strain gauge factor and fatigue behaviour. As a result, FBG strain patches with linear strain behaviour and excellent fatigue resistance were developed and can be used as part of a monitoring system for aerospace structures or wind turbine power plants. The rosettes were designed to be small in geometrical size and their strain transfer behaviour was characterised. T2 - 8th International workshop on structural health monitoring 2011 CY - Stanford, CA, USA DA - 13.09.2011 KW - Fibre Bragg grating KW - Patch KW - Rosette KW - Strain gauge factor KW - Fatigue behaviour KW - Validation PY - 2011 SN - 978-1-60595-053-2 VL - 2 SP - 1457 EP - 1465 PB - DEStech Publications, Inc. AN - OPUS4-24512 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Gert A1 - Thommes, H. A1 - Gaul, H. A1 - Hahn, O. A1 - Rethmeier, Michael T1 - Mechanical properties of weldbonded joints of advanced high strength steels N2 - In lightweight car body shell mass production, due to requirements on vehicle weight reduction and carbon dioxide emissions, joining of advanced high strength steels (AHSS) with different joining procedures and especially hybrid bonding techniques is becoming more and more important. One of these hybrid bonding techniques is the combination of resistance spot welding and adhesive bonding called weldbonding. One of the important advantages of weldbonded joints in comparison to resistance spot welded joints are the enhanced mechanical properties. To guarantee sufficiently high quality conditions regarding the strength of the weldbonded joints, the influences of the applied adhesive systems and of different base metal combinations are studied. This is carried out for both non-corrosive and corrosive environments and for the choice of different joining parameters settings. In particular, the mechanical behaviour of the weldbonded joints is investigated under quasi-static, impact and fatigue loads. Furthermore, the energy absorption of the weldbonded joints for both non-corrosive and corrosive environments is studied. It is shown that the weldbonded joints possess higher mechanical strengths in all load cases (quasi-static, impact and fatigue). Corrosive attack affects weldbonded joints, and the quasi-static strength is reduced. Resistance spot welded joints are not affected by the corrosive attack, but even after several weeks of corrosive attack, the quasi-static strength of weldbonded joints remains higher than that of resistance spot welded joints. KW - Weldbonded joints KW - Corrosion KW - Mechanical strength KW - Fracture behaviour KW - Fatigue KW - Crash behaviour PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1163/016942411X580090 SN - 0169-4243 SN - 1568-5616 VL - 25 IS - 18 SP - 2369 EP - 2389 PB - VNU Science Press CY - Utrecht AN - OPUS4-24513 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schalau, Bernd T1 - Störfallsimulationen im Offshore-Bereich T2 - ProcessNet AA "Auswirkung von Stoff- und Energiefreisetzung" CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2011-10-20 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24514 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schalau, Bernd T1 - Stand der Diskussion zur Weiterentwicklung der VDI-Richtlinie 3783 Blatt 1 T2 - ProcessNet AA "Auswirkung von Stoff- und Energiefreisetzungen" CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2011-10-20 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24515 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klinger, Christian A1 - Mehdianpour, Milad A1 - Klingbeil, Dietmar A1 - Bettge, Dirk A1 - Häcker, Ralf A1 - Baer, Wolfram T1 - Failure analysis on collapsed towers of overhead electrical lines in the region Münsterland (Germany) 2005 N2 - End of November 2005 strong south-west wind and heavy snowfall were predominant in the region Münsterland, north-western part of Germany. This led to accretion of a considerable quantity of wet snow to overhead electrical lines in form of snow rolls on the conductors. Eighty-two transmission towers failed catastrophically, most of them by buckling, however some by brittle fracture. As a consequence nearly 250,000 people have been cut off from electrical power supply for several days with major media attention. This paper describes the forensic analysis in order to investigate the failure cause. Therefore extensive materials investigations, mechanical testing of original components and specimens thereof, estimations for the real wind and snow loads and their combinations, structural analyses as well as detailed evaluations on the basis of previous investigations, literature and regulations were conducted. It was revealed that some of the examined components were manufactured from Thomas steel which was partially in embrittled condition. The investigated towers fulfilled the design codes valid at the time of erection. However the present line loads of the wet snow rolls on the conductors exceeded by far the ones given in the design codes valid at that time. The load case leading to failure was reconstructed by the derived positions of loads mainly caused by unequal and asymmetric distribution of snow rolls on left and right electrical system. The loads and corresponding stresses acting on the structure before failure were estimated. By comparison with the fracture forces from mechanical testing of original members of the collapsed tower the component that primarily failed was localised. The primary fracture occurred on a diagonal member under tension made of Thomas steel which was weakened by embrittlement. The failure cause was a combination of heavy weather conditions (storm, approx. 0 °C and wet snowfall leading to heavy snow rolls on conductors), asymmetric loading conditions and the usage of Thomas steel which was partially embrittled. Finally, recommendations for avoiding future failures are given. KW - Transmission towers KW - Thomas steel KW - Embrittlement KW - Snow loads KW - Ice loads PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2011.07.004 SN - 1350-6307 SN - 1873-1961 VL - 18 IS - 7 SP - 1873 EP - 1883 PB - Elsevier Science Publ. CY - Oxford AN - OPUS4-24517 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -