TY - JOUR A1 - Asres, Nahom Enkubahri A1 - Cabello, Marta A1 - Tufail, Muhammad Khurram A1 - Castresana, Kerman Gomez A1 - Villaverde, Aitor A1 - López del Amo, Juan Miguel T1 - Solid-State NMR Investigation of Electrolyte Effects on Silicon–Graphite Composite Anode: Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation and Failure Mechanisms N2 - Silicon (Si) is a promising anode material due to its high specific capacity (~3,580 mAh g⁻¹), far exceeding that of graphite (~372 mAh g⁻¹). However, its large volumetric expansion (~300%) during lithiation induces mechanical stress, fracturing particles and repeatedly exposing fresh surfaces to the electrolyte. This leads to continuous SEI growth, consuming lithium and electrolyte and causing rapid capacity fading. To address these issues, strategies such as incorporating Si into graphite (Gr) composites and optimizing electrolytes have shown promise in improving the stability and performance of Si-based anodes. NMR spectroscopy offers element-specific sensitivity and can probe local chemical environments, making it a powerful tool for examining both surface and bulk properties of battery materials. In this work, we use solid-state NMR spectroscopy to investigate Si/Gr anodes in two systematically chosen electrolytes: one EC-based (known to form organic-rich SEI) and one FEC-based (inorganic-rich SEI). We conducted 1D 7Li, 19F, and 1H NMR experiments to elucidate the lithiation mechanism and identify SEI components in Si/Gr composite anodes during the first cycle and after extended cycling in the fully lithiated state for these two electrolyte systems. Additionally, we performed cross-polarization (CP) and two-dimensional exchange spectroscopy (EXSY) NMR experiments to gain deeper insight into Li⁺ coordination within different SEI components and to probe dynamic exchange processes between the SEI and lithiated Si/Gr phases (LixSi/LixC6). A novel approach 1H/19F→7Li CP-MAS EXSY NMR was employed to selectively probe Li⁺ exchange originating from either the organic or the inorganic fraction of the SEI. These NMR results were correlated with the electrochemical performance of the Si/Gr anode in both electrolyte systems. KW - Silicon anode KW - Electrolytes KW - Solid-state NMR Spectroscopy KW - Li-ion battery KW - Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) PY - 2026 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-659974 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5c02476 SN - 0897-4756 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - American Chemical Society (ACS) CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-65997 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Martin T1 - Current Developments on Metal Seals N2 - Metal seals are a major component of radioactive material transport casks. Current legal background and tests programs running at BAM are explained. Results are presented and an outlook is given. T2 - ASNR-BAM workshop CY - Fontenay-aux-Roses, France DA - 31.03.2026 KW - Metal seal KW - Radioactive material PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65996 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thärig, Steffen A1 - Rosalie, Julian A1 - Borgmann, C. A1 - Voss, S. A1 - Kulawinski, D. A1 - Hollaender, C. A1 - Kocdemir, B. A1 - Roik, Janina A1 - Hoppe, Marion A1 - Koenig, Maren A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian T1 - Dataset on the chemical analysis of four medium entropy alloys from the Cr-Co-Fe-Ni family N2 - High-and medium entropy alloys have been investigated for more than two decades and their potential keeps being evaluated. Their “baseless” character distinguishes them from classic alloys that are characterized by one main element, such as steel – Fe based. The question has arisen whether our analysis methods are suited for alloys without a base element and is has been found that they are within the limitations of the methods. This dataset shows the compatibility between inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, combustion analysis, x-ray fluorescence analysis and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscope, measured in the scanning electron microscope. Four alloys from the well-studied Co-Cr-Fe-Ni medium entropy family have been used as testing materials. KW - Medium entropy alloy KW - Chemical analysis KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - ICP-OES KW - XRF KW - Combustion analysis KW - EDS PY - 2026 DO - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19250080 PB - Zenodo CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-65994 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Maaß, Robert T1 - Structural Dynamics in Bulk Metallic Glasses: Effects of Mechanical and Thermal Stresses N2 - Subjecting a metallic glass to increasing temperature is known to induce thermally-activated structural dynamics, also referred to as aging. This type of far-field stimulus causes a smooth increase of relaxation times with increasing waiting time at a given temperature and has been subject to a series of x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) studies close to the glass transition temperature. Here we focus on the structural dynamics induced by mechanical and thermal stresses below the glass transition temperature. Heating towards the glass transition temperature reveals accelerated and monotonic dynamics that is considerably faster in regions that have a deformation history [1]. Highly complex cross-correlation data and non-monotonic changes in the time-dependent structural dynamics are revealed in the glassy solid regime. We highlight this by considering both mechanical loading in the elastic regime at room temperature [2] and through the introduction of thermal stresses via cooling-heating cycles [3]. Applying a mechanical stress within the nominally elastic regime introduces deviations away from typical time-temperature rescaling of relaxation times. Atomistic simulations are used to guide the interpretation of the highly complex cross-correlation data. Our insights are discussed in the context of microstructural plastic excitations in metallic glasses that occur heterogeneously in space and time. T2 - APS user's meeting Wide-angle XPCS workshop CY - Lemont, IL, USA DA - 07.05.2021 KW - Metallic Glasses KW - Structural Dynamics KW - XPCS KW - Mechanical and Thermal Stress PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-65993 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Glaß, Sarah T1 - Using Data-Driven Modeling to Predict Structure–Property Relationships in Polymer Composites N2 - Understanding and controlling structure–property relationships remains central to the design of high-performance polymer composites. Among the diverse strategies to tune composite behavior, surface modification—whether at the level of fillers, interfaces, or polymer matrices plays a particularly decisive role in governing chemistry, morphology, and ultimately macroscopic functionality. Yet the complex interplay between modification routes, processing conditions, and multiscale material structure often obscures clear predictive relationships. This talk presents an integrated experimental and data-driven approach to elucidate these relationships and accelerate composite design. By combining targeted surface-modification experiments with machine-learning models trained on both curated laboratory datasets and heterogeneous literature-derived data, we map how chemical functionality, interfacial treatments, and processing parameters influence key composite properties. Interpretable models reveal nonlinear e􀆯ects and parameter sensitivities that are often inaccessible through intuition or single-variable studies, o􀆯ering mechanistic insight into how modified interfaces influence transport, mechanical performance, and stability. In parallel, data-driven predictions are validated through experiments on newly designed modified composite systems, demonstrating the ability of ML-guided strategies to forecast performance with high accuracy and to guide the selection of promising chemistries before synthesis. Taken together, these methods show how surface modification—supported by explainable machine learning and FAIR data practices—enables a more systematic and accelerated route toward engineering polymer composites with tailored properties. T2 - Institutes Seminar at Institute of Functional Materials for Sustainability and Institute of Active Polymers CY - Teltow, Germany DA - 27.03.2026 KW - Data-driven modelling KW - Polymers KW - Structure-property relationships PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65991 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brunner, Nanine A1 - Thomas, Marcus A1 - Deuber, Dominic A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - Melzer, Michael T1 - Towards fully automated metrological traceability in process monitoring: a demonstrator approach highlighting the benefits of Digital Calibration Certificates (DCCs) N2 - Abstract. The implementation of automation in the metrological traceability of measurements has been demonstrated to possess considerable potential for enhancing the effectiveness of quality management. This enhancement is achieved by decreasing the necessity for human interaction and reducing the risks associated with manual data processing. For this purpose, it is imperative that all metrological and administrative information in quality certificates be provided in a fully machine-readable and machine-interpretable form. The transition from paper-based calibration certificates to Digital Calibration Certificates (DCCs), which meet these requirements, enables a fully automatic process conformity monitoring system. A demonstrator that monitors the temperature of a process has been developed as an example to illustrate the potential for automation that accompanies the use of DCCs, including in security. The programming code is also published to give a starting point for the reader's own implementation. T2 - SMSI 2025 CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 05.05.2025 KW - DCC KW - QI Digital KW - Demonstrator KW - Temperatur KW - XML PY - 2026 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-659898 DO - https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-15-77-2026 SN - 2194-878X VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 77 EP - 87 PB - Copernicus Publ. CY - Göttingen AN - OPUS4-65989 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shabdali, G. A. A1 - Wandtke, K. A1 - Schroepfer, D. A1 - Kromm, A. A1 - Scharf-Wildenhain, R. A1 - Haelsig, A. A1 - Kannengiesser, T. A1 - Hensel, J. T1 - Comparative residual stress analysis on a DED-Arc manufactured high-strength steel component using the contour method and XRD N2 - Lightweight construction is a vital approach for reducing CO₂ emissions, as it contributes to the development of more energy-efficient structures and supports the overall goal of achieving carbon neutrality in the transition to sustainable manufacturing. Though, a topology-optimized design often leads to complex geometries. Additive manufacturing (AM) processes such as direct energy deposition with arc (DED-Arc) offer great design freedom due to the buildup of components in layers. Furthermore, DED-Arc enables efficient production due to the high deposition rate, process reliability, and good automation capability. Further efficiency can be achieved through weight optimization, enabled by high-strength steels. However, a major challenge is the process-induced residual stresses (RS) in the component, which arise primarily due to restrained shrinkage. High tensile residual stresses are detrimental as they increase the risk for several types of cracking and failures. Knowledge of residual stress distribution is crucial for predicting the service life of the component and structural integrity assessment, especially for safety-critical applications. Therefore, this study focuses on the use of the contour method (CM) to analyze the full field longitudinal residual stresses in an open hollow cuboid component (dimensions, 120 × 50 × 30 mm 3 ) manufactured by DED-Arc (low-alloyed high-strength steel with yield strength  730 MPa). In CM, the component is cut along a desired plane of interest, and the contour of the deformed cut surface is measured. A finite element model is used to reconstruct the residual stresses field in the 2-dimensional plane of cut. In this paper, a modified cutting strategy was employed. After cutting, the deformed cut surfaces were measured utilizing two surface measurement techniques, i.e., coordinate measuring machine (CMM) and a 3D scanner. The accuracy of the CM was validated against surface stresses measured using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Additionally, a comparison of neutron diffraction experiments was conducted. The residual stresses were further correlated with hardness measurements. The results from surface measurement techniques showed good qualitative and quantitative agreement regarding the measured displacement contour. CM results revealed peak stresses in the DED-Arc walls; bending deformation in the substrate induces tensile stresses at the bottom of the substrate plate and compressive stresses in the middle top region. The residual stresses obtained from diffraction and CM showed a good agreement and correlated qualitatively with the hardness measurements. These results show that practical residual stress mapping and quantification using XRD accompanied by minimal application of CM for values in the bulk are suitable for identifying and minimizing detrimental welding-induced stresses in such high-strength AM lightweight components, even without the use of expensive methods such as neutron diffraction. T2 - 78. IIW Annual Assembly CY - Genoa, Italy DA - 22.06.2025 KW - Residual stress KW - Contour method KW - DED-Arc/M KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - High-strength steel KW - Filler metals KW - XRD KW - Neutron diffraction PY - 2026 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-659881 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-026-02441-y SN - 0043-2288 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg AN - OPUS4-65988 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gangan, Amr A1 - Mohamed, Alaa Fahmy A1 - Shaban, Seham A. A1 - El-Bahy, Zeinhom M. T1 - Plasma-engineered M-doped Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2 core–shell architectures for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting performance N2 - Plasma-liquid interaction, as a unique technique, was successfully employed to fabricate M-doped Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@TiO₂ (FST) core-shell nanostructures (M = Ag, Au, Zn, Pt, Cu, and C). Plasma enables effective dopant incorporation without phase segregation. Elemental mapping and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the hierarchical architecture of the TiO₂ lattice, revealing a well-defined core-shell shape with uniform dopant dispersion. Extensive X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), and Mott-Schottky investigations show that metal doping alters the electrical structure of TiO₂, resulting in bandgap narrowing, the formation of mid-gap states, and favorable band-edge alignment. Furthermore, adding interstitial nitrogen during plasma production enhances charge-carrier separation and light absorption. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) evaluations reveal enhanced interfacial kinetics and lower charge transfer resistance. FST-Zn and FST-Ag presented the highest applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (∼0.60 and 0.65 %, respectively) and photocurrent densities (87 and 67 μA/cm² at 1.23 V vs. RHE). The superior photoelectrochemical performance of FST-Ag reflects the synergistic interplay among plasmonic effects, defect engineering, and the Schottky junction barrier. This work highlights how well plasma-assisted doping can tailor the optoelectronic features of semiconductor nanostructures, providing an achievable route for the development of highly effective, magnetically recoverable photo-electrocatalysts for environmental remediation and solar-driven water splitting. KW - Plasma-liquid KW - Core-shell KW - M-doped TiO2 KW - Photoelectrocatalysis KW - Water splitting PY - 2026 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2026.109328 SN - 2468-0230 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam [u.a.] AN - OPUS4-65987 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Meinel, Dietmar T1 - Von Papier bis Gold - 40 Jahre Computertomographie an Kulturgütern in der BAM N2 - Das für medizinische Anwendungen in den 70er Jahren entwickelte Verfahren der Röntgen-Computertomographie (CT) wurde bereits in den frühen 80er Jahren in der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) zur zerstörungsfreien Prüfung industrieller Bauteile genutzt. Der in der BAM im Eigenbau gefertigte und für Objekte bis einen Meter Durchmesser und 1000kg Gewicht ausgelegte Universal-Computertomograph diente auch schon frühzeitig für die Untersuchung historischer Objekte aus dem Kunst- und Kulturgutbereich. Die Untersuchung sehr großer oder dickwandiger Objekte aus Metall stellt eine besondere Herausforderung dar, deren man durch den Einsatz unterschiedlicher Röntgenenergien und Abtastverfahren begegnen kann. Mit der CT-Anlage der BAM konnten verborgende Details visualisiert werden, die Aufschluss geben über die Herstellungsverfahren antiker Großbronzen, wie die Montagetechniken oder die Reparatur von Gussfehlern. In einem Beispiel aus den Fundmaterialien einer antiken Gusswerkstatt von der Qubbet el-Hawa (Ägypten) wird gezeigt, wie sich der ursprünglich vom Wachsmodell eingenommene Hohlraum in einer Gussform aus Ton mit Hilfe der CT-Daten in ein 3D-druckfähiges Format verwandeln lässt und wie Bildartefakte, die durch gleichzeitige Durchstrahlung von Ton und Bronzeresten auftreten, reduziert werden. Bei der Untersuchung von Holz erlaubt die Dichteauflösung der CT die bildliche Darstellung der Jahresringe, wodurch es möglich ist, aus Holz gefertigte Gegenstände durch Dendrochronologie an den CT-Bilddaten zeitlich einzuordnen. T2 - DGZfP History-2026 - Material Truth: Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung historischer Objekte CY - Magdeburg, Germany DA - 04.03.2026 KW - CT KW - Einzeldetektoren KW - Flachdetektoren KW - Großbronze KW - Bildverarbeitung PY - 2026 AN - OPUS4-65986 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Zhen A1 - Yoshii, Takeharu A1 - Nishihara, Hirotomo A1 - Titirici, Maria-Magdalena A1 - Forse, Alexander A1 - Shimizu, Shunsuke A1 - Pedersen, Angus A1 - Barrio, Jesús T1 - Exploring Improved Supercapacitor Electrodes for Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Capture N2 - This study introduces a new porous carbon for electrochemical CO2 capture. Featuring both micro- and mesoporosity, it outperforms predominantly microporous YP80F (a commercial benchmark) by delivering faster CO2 adsorption and lower energy consumption. This highlights the importance of mesoporosity in designing improved supercapacitor electrodes for rapid, energy-efficient electrochemical CO2 capture. KW - Electrochemical CO2 Capture KW - Supercapacitor KW - Porous Carbon PY - 2026 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-659855 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acselectrochem.6c00086 SN - 2997-0571 SP - 6 PB - ACS Publications CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-65985 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -