TY - CONF A1 - Schalau, Bernd T1 - Ermittlung des angemessenen Sicherheitsabstands - Aktueller Stand und Ausblick N2 - Es wird die historische Entwicklung des Leitfadens KAS-18 dargestellt. Darauf aufbauend werden die aktuellen Entwicklungen diskutiert. T2 - Meinungs- und Erfahrungsaustausch im Sinne von § 29a BImSchG CY - Münster, Germany DA - 05.09.2024 KW - LUP KAS-18 PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-60962 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Denkler, Tilman T1 - WP8 - METABUILDING LABS OITB catalogue of testing infrastructures and services, its structuring and exploitation, training and quality management N2 - Developments of Workpackage 8 in the last year are presented. Focuss on the development of quality assurance procedures for the O3BETs. Upcoming activites for the tasks 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5 and 8.6 are described. T2 - 5th General Meeting Metabuilding Labs Project CY - Online meeting DA - 06.06.2024 KW - Open Innovation Test Bed KW - Quality assurance KW - Quality management PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-60208 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schalau, Bernd T1 - Stand der Arbeiten am Leitfaden KAS-18 N2 - Als Grundlage der Bewertung aktueller Aktivitäten zur Überarbeitung des Leitfadens KAS-18 wird die Entwicklung des Themas LUP in Deutschland dargestellt. Der Entwicklungsstand des neuen Leitfadens KAS-18 wird vorgestellt. T2 - BAM/UBA Behördenerfahrungsaustausch 2024 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 03.06.2024 KW - LUP KAS-18 PY - 2024 AN - OPUS4-60318 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bernardy, Christopher T1 - Wärmestrahlung von Freistrahlflammen N2 - Wasserstoff als Energieträger gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung. Die Untersuchung von Störfallauswirkungen mit Wasserstoff rückt somit stärker in den Fokus. Da Wasserstoff meist unter Druck gelagert und transportiert wird, ist ein zu betrachtendes Szenario die Freisetzung aus einer Leckage mit anschließender Zündung. Die daraus resultierende Freistrahlflamme (Jet Flame) muss hinsichtlich der in die Umgebung emittierten Wärmestrahlung charakterisiert werden. In der Literatur existieren bereits verschiedene Modelle ([1], [2]), welche jedoch vermehrt auf Daten aus Kohlenwasserstoffflammen mit geringem Impuls basieren. Zur Überprüfung dieser Modelle wird im Zuge des BAM internen H2 Jet Flame Projektes die sicherheitstechnische Untersuchung von impulsbehafteten Wasserstoff Freistrahlflammen vorgenommen. Hierfür finden Versuche im Realmaßstab auf dem Testgelände Technische Sicherheit der BAM (BAM-TTS) statt. Gegenstand der Untersuchungen ist die Beurteilung der Auswirkungen von realistischen Freisetzungsszenarien hinsichtlich der Flammengeometrie und der freigesetzten Wärmestrahlung. Dabei werden Parameter wie Freisetzungswinkel, Leckagedurchmesser (z.Zt. 1 mm bis 10 mm), Druck (z.Zt. bis max. 250 bar) und Massenstrom (bis max. 0,5 kg/s) variiert. Zusätzlich können auch Einflüsse wie Art der Zündung, Zündort sowie Zündung mit zeitlichem Verzug untersucht werden. Gewonnene Erkenntnisse werden mit den Ergebnissen bereits vorhandener Modelle verglichen und diese im Bedarfsfall weiterentwickelt. Insbesondere wird der Fokus auf die Modellierung der freigesetzten Wärmestrahlung von Wasserstoffflammen gelegt. Herausforderung dabei stellt die IR-Vermessung und Modellierung von Sichtmodellen der Flammen dar. Die Visualisierung der Flammengeometrie wird mit Hilfe mehrerer Infrarot Kamerasystemen (aus mindestens zwei Blickwinkeln) vorgenommen. Bisherige Messungen, die in der Literatur zu finden sind, basieren meist auf instationären Auströmbedingungen. Der hier verwendete Versuchsaufbau ermöglicht ein stationäres Ausströmen für mehrere Minuten und somit eine direkte Vergleichbarkeit mit den existierenden (stationären) Modellen. Weiterhin ist der Versuchsstand umrüstbar für Vergleichsmessungen mit Kohlenwasserstoffen (Methan etc.) sowie Mischungen aus Wasserstoff und Kohlenwasserstoffen. T2 - DECHEMA - Fachgruppe Auswirkungen von Stoff- und Energiefreisetzungen CY - Online meeting DA - 08.11.2023 KW - Freistrahlflamme KW - Wärmestrahlung KW - Wasserstoff KW - Methan PY - 2023 AN - OPUS4-60513 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bernardy, Christopher T1 - Large scale safety investigations of hydrogen jet flames N2 - For industrial applications dealing with hydrogen, the definition of safety distances and the assessment of possible hazards emanating from releases is mandatory. Since hydrogen is usually stored and transported under pressure, one scenario to be considered is the momentum driven release of hydrogen from a leakage with subsequent ignition. In this scenario, the emitted heat radiation from the resulting jet flame to the surroundings has to be determined to define adequate safety distances. For hydrocarbon flames, different jet flame models are available to assess the hazards resulting from an ignited jet release. Since hydrogen flames differ from hydrocarbon flames in their combustion behavior, it has to be checked if these models are also applicable for hydrogen. To evaluate the accuracy of these models for hydrogen jet flames, tests with a horizontal outlet at large-scale are carried out at the BAM Test Site for Technical Safety (BAM-TTS). Herein, the flame geometry and the heat radiation at defined locations in the surroundings are recorded for varying release parameters such as release pressure (currently up to max. 250 bar), mass flow (up to max. 0.175 kg/s) at an outlet diameter of 30 mm. The challenge here is the characterization of the flame geometry in an open environment and its impact on the thermal radiation. Existing heat radiation data from the literature are mostly based on unsteady outflow conditions. For a better comparability with the steady state jet flame models, the experiments presented here are focused on ensuring a constant mass flow over the release duration (currently 120 s) to obtain a stationary jet flame. In addition, stationary outflow tests with hydrocarbons (methane) were also carried out, which are intended to serve as reference tests for checking flame models based on hydrocarbon data. The comparison of the flame geometry shows that hydrogen jet flames with the same outlet mass flow have a greater flame length (average deviation of 15 %) but a smaller flame diameter than methane jet flames (average deviation of 17 %). Conclusions regarding thermal radiation show that the proportion of total combustion energy emitted as thermal radiation is lower for hydrogen (xrad = 0.04–0.08) than for methane (xrad = 0.05–0.1). A comparison of the surface emissive power (SEP) of the jet flame shows a SEP range of 7 kW/m²-15 kW/m² for hydrogen and 3 kW/m² - 9,5 kW/m² for methane. T2 - H2 Safety - Colloquium - Process and Plant Safety CY - Online meeting DA - 19.02.2025 KW - Hydrogen KW - Release KW - Radiant heat fraction KW - Jet flame KW - Thermal radiation PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-62779 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kluge, Martin T1 - Cryogenic LH2 storage vessels in a fire N2 - To investigate the hazards emanating from cryogenic LH2 storage Vessels in a fire, experiments have been performed at the Test Site Technical Safety of the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und –prüfung (BAM) in Horstwalde, Germany. Three double-walled vacuum insulated vessels of 1 m3 volume, filled to approximately 35-40 Vol.% with LH2 were put in a fire. The cylindrical Vessels differed in orientation (horizontal or vertical) and the insulation material used (perlite or multi-layer insulation (MLI)). The fire load was provided by a propane fed burner-system positioned under the storage vessel and designed to give a homogeneous fire load. During the tests the conditions in the vessel (temperatures and pressure) as well as external effects (heat radiation, blast waves, flame ball development and fragmentation) were measured. The tests showed that the k-type thermocouples used are not suitable for measuring very low temperatures as for example the temperature of the hydrogen liquid phase when using the standard tabled values and conversion functions. An assessment of the measured temperatures could only be done by an own “recalibration” of the thermocouples for the very low temperature range. Bolometers were used to measure the heat radiation generated by a possible fireball/BLEVE. To measure blast generated by the vessel burst/BLEVEs blast pencils were positioned at up to three locations. Further several cameras were used to monitor the events: normal cameras, infrared (IR)-cameras, high-speed cameras also on board of a drone. Two of these vessels, a horizontal and a vertical vessel both insulated with perlite withstood the fire loading for 1 hour 20 minutes and 4 hours respectively without catastrophic failure, but partly showing leakages. The horizontal vessel insulated with MLI failed by bursting after 1 hour and 6 minutes resulting in a fireball, fragments, and blast wave. The test results as well as the detailed examination of the non destroyed vessels rose some interesting questions which type of insulation is better to protect a vessel not only during its normal operation but also under fire loading against a heat flux from the surroundings, as well as to the suitability of cryogenic (safety) equipment under fire loading. T2 - 18th EFCE International Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in the Process Industries CY - Bologna, Italy DA - 08.06.2025 KW - BLEVE KW - LH2 KW - Consequences KW - Cryogenic storage KW - Fire engulfment PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-63700 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Koch, Claudia T1 - Keynote: Towards a digital ecosystem for quality infrastructure: DCC, digital reference material documents and beyond N2 - The transition from a document-based to a data-driven quality infrastructure (QI) that is networked, automated, and intelligent will significantly enhance efficiency and transparency. More importantly, the digitalization of QI strengthens trust in safety and quality. To achieve this, BAM together with Germany’s central QI institutions partnered in the initiative QI-Digital to jointly establish a digital ecosystem for QI. This initiative leverages recognized standards and latest technologies to seamlessly integrate QI procedures, processes, and tools, facilitating cross-system networking among stakeholders in QI. Through concrete use cases and projects, the initiative develops, tests, and demonstrates practical solutions. This talk will provide insights into the comprehensive roadmap for the digital transformation of QI, illustrating diverse areas of action. The talk specifically highlights the potential of data spaces for a digital QI. It further provides a deep dive into machine-readable quality documents, focusing on digital reference material documents (DRMDs): Based on the digital calibration certificate (DCC), the XML schema developed at BAM incorporates ISO 17034 requirements in a computer-readable format, offering significant process improvements. DRMDs enable direct integration into laboratory information systems, reduce manual data entry errors, and enhance traceability. Standardized data formats simplify information exchange between systems and refine quality control. To expedite market adoption, BAM has developed a software tool for creating DRMDs and an AI tool for converting existing PDF certificates into DRMDs. These demonstrators, along with the inclusion of DRMDs in the reference materials database COMAR, showcase their functionality and potential to a broader community. T2 - IMEKO Joint Conference (TC8 - TC11 - TC24) CY - Torino, Italy DA - 14.09.2025 KW - Qualitätsinfrastruktur KW - Digitalisierung KW - Digital transformation KW - Data spaces KW - Digital product passport KW - Digitaler Produktpass PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64274 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Biyikal, Mustafa T1 - Handgeräte zur Detektion von Sprengstoffspuren N2 - Der Übersichtsvortrag stellt den aktuellen Stand zu Handgeräten zur Detektion von Sprengstoffspuren vor. T2 - Symposium Anlagensicherheit 2025 CY - Hamburg, Germany DA - 04.02.2025 KW - Explosivstoffe KW - Detektion KW - Handgerät PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-65029 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bertovic, Marija T1 - Shifting Paradigms: User-Centred Design for Successful Implementation of AI-Driven and Assistive Technologies in Non-Destructive Testing N2 - The successful implementation of AI-driven and assistive technologies in Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) requires a fundamental shift from a technology-driven approach to a user-centred paradigm. This presentation will explore the key challenges associated with the development and implementation of these technologies, including issues of acceptance, trust, skill degradation, and the complexities of working with highly automated systems. User-centred design is critical to the effective integration of advanced technologies in NDT. However, merely involving users in the design process is not sufficient to address all challenges. The addition of new technologies may initially increase the burden on personnel rather than improve reliability. Therefore, a new paradigm for the training and qualification of NDT personnel is essential to effectively benefit from human-AI interaction. This presentation will argue that only after this paradigm shift and the provision of appropriate training can the full benefits of AI-driven technologies be realised. The aim is to highlight the need for this change and provide insights into how it can be achieved. T2 - 62nd Annual British Conference on NDT (NDT 2025) CY - Edinburgh, United Kingdom DA - 09.09.2025 KW - NDT KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Human Factors KW - Human-Machine Interaction KW - User-centred design KW - Acceptance PY - 2025 AN - OPUS4-64574 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -