TY - CONF A1 - Weimann, Karin A1 - Adam, Christian ED - Jones, Roderick ED - Newlands, Moray D. ED - Halliday, Judith E. ED - Csetenyi, Lszlo J. ED - Zheng, Li ED - McCarthy, Michael J. ED - Dyer, Thomas D. T1 - Sustainability in the production of Recycled Concrete Aggregates N2 - Concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials and, accordingly, the concrete industry is an important stakeholder in the field of sustainable construction. Therefore various approaches have been implemented to increase the sustainability of concrete. Besides reducing CO2-emissions during cement production, increasing the energy efficiency of buildings and extending their life span, the end-of-life performance of concrete is also an essential aspect of sustainability. Reusing concrete as a secondary building material meets the requirements of sustainability in several ways: the extended time availability of primary raw materials and, thereby, the protection of natural resources as well as conserving landfill site. Furthermore, the production of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) is a good example for closed-loop recycling. However, regarding the use of RCA as a substitute for natural aggregates in concrete, attention must be paid to all issues of sustainability: this means that environmental, economic and social aspects have to be considered. Since RCA generally have inferior building material properties, such as higher porosity and lower density, the implementation of closed-loop recycling of concrete only makes sense if the technical quality assurance is secured. This paper focusses on the implementation of techniques for the deconstruction/demolition of buildings and the subsequent treatment of concrete rubble in order to improve the building material properties of RCA with regard to the requirements of sustainability and also technical rules and standards. T2 - The 9th International Concrete Conference CY - Dundee, UK DA - 04.07.2016 KW - RCA (Recycled concrete aggregates) KW - Gypsum KW - Selective dismantling KW - CDW treatment KW - Gips KW - Bauschuttaufbereitung PY - 2016 SN - 978-0-9573263-1-6 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - University of Dundee – Concrete Technology Unit CY - Dundee, UK AN - OPUS4-38175 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weimann, Karin A1 - Adam, Christian T1 - Sustainability in the production of recycled concrete aggregates N2 - Concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials and, accordingly, the concrete industry is an important stakeholder in the field of sustainable construction. Therefore various approaches have been implemented to increase the sustainability of concrete. Besides reducing CO2-emissions during cement production, increasing the energy efficiency of buildings and extending their life span, the end-of-life performance of concrete is also an essential aspect of sustainability. Reusing concrete as a secondary building material meets the requirements of sustainability in several ways: the extended time availability of primary raw materials and, thereby, the protection of natural resources as well as conserving landfill site. Furthermore, the production of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) is a good example for closed-loop recycling. However, regarding the use of RCA as a substitute for natural aggregates in concrete, attention must be paid to all issues of sustainability: this means that environmental, economic and social aspects have to be considered. Since RCA generally have inferior building material properties, such as higher porosity and lower density, the implementation of closed-loop recycling of concrete only makes sense if the technical quality assurance is secured. This paper focusses on the implementation of techniques for the deconstruction/demolition of buildings and the subsequent treatment of concrete rubble in order to improve the building material properties of RCA with regard to the requirements of sustainability and also technical rules and standards. T2 - The 9th International Concrete Conference CY - Dundee, UK DA - 04.07.2016 KW - RCA (Recycled concrete aggregates) KW - Gypsum KW - Selective dismantling KW - CDW treatment KW - Gips KW - Bauschuttaufbereitung PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38176 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gawlitza, Kornelia A1 - Climent Terol, Estela A1 - Biyikal, Mustafa A1 - Witthuhn, Heike A1 - Rurack, Knut T1 - Mesoporous silica materials incorporating BODIPY dyes as a versatile system for the trace detection of hazardous chemical species N2 - There is significant contamination of our water resources and an accelerating accumulation of hazardous species in the aquatic biosphere. Whether for instance mercury as a contaminant constantly released from a multitude of industrial processes or chemical warfare agents (CWAs) such as Tabun (GA), Sarin (GB) or Soman (GD) as highly toxic remnants of World War II, released from dumped containers upon their progressive corrosion, are concerned such hazards can cause serious problems to human health even at low concentration and monitoring them becomes increasingly essential. Conclusively, it is necessary to develop sensors for such hazards that combine high sensitivity, good selectivity, fast responses and can dispense with complex instrumentation. Here, we present SBA-15-type mesoporous silica materials containing boron–dipyrromethene (BODIPY) probes in their pore systems that allow for the sensitive and selective detection of the two target analytes CWAs and Hg2+ in natural waters via a change in the optical properties. In case of Hg2+, the BODIPY dye is directly adsorbed on the (inner and outer) surface of the highly porous material and coordinates the metal ion, leading to an enhancement of fluorescence with a limit of detection (LOD) of 15 ppt. Using the same silica material but incorporating a covalently attached BODIPY dye, the CWAs GA, GD and GB can be detected via fluorescence quenching induced by an intraannular cyclization. The obtained LOD in natural waters is in the pM range and hence below the Maximum Permissible Concentrations for CWAs in drinking water. Aspects of system design as well as application in water and food analysis (fish extracts) will be presented. T2 - Rapid Methods Europe (RME) 2016 CY - Amsterdam, The Netherlands DA - 07.11.2016 KW - Mesoporous silica materials KW - Sensor materials KW - Fluorescence sensors PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38182 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gawlitza, Kornelia A1 - Climent Terol, Estela A1 - Biyikal, Mustafa A1 - Witthuhn, Heike A1 - Rurack, Knut T1 - Mesoporous silica materials incorporating BODIPY dyes as a versatile system for the trace detection of hazardous chemical species N2 - There is significant contamination of our water resources and an accelerating accumulation of hazardous species in the aquatic biosphere. Whether for instance mercury as a contaminant constantly released from a multitude of industrial processes or chemical warfare agents (CWAs) such as Tabun (GA), Sarin (GB) or Soman (GD) as highly toxic remnants of World War II, released from dumped containers upon their progressive corrosion, are concerned such hazards can cause serious problems to human health even at low concentration and monitoring them becomes increasingly essential. Conclusively, it is necessary to develop sensors for such hazards that combine high sensitivity, good selectivity, fast responses and can dispense with complex instrumentation. Here, we present SBA-15-type mesoporous silica materials containing boron–dipyrromethene (BODIPY) probes in their pore systems that allow for the sensitive and selective detection of the two target analytes CWAs and Hg2+ in natural waters via a change in the optical properties. In case of Hg2+, the BODIPY dye is directly adsorbed on the (inner and outer) surface of the highly porous material and coordinates the metal ion, leading to an enhancement of fluorescence with a limit of detection (LOD) of 15 ppt. Using the same silica material but incorporating a covalently attached BODIPY dye, the CWAs GA, GD and GB can be detected via fluorescence quenching induced by an intraannular cyclization. The obtained LOD in natural waters is in the pM range and hence below the Maximum Permissible Concentrations for CWAs in drinking water. Aspects of system design as well as application in water and food analysis (fish extracts) will be presented. T2 - Rapid Methods Europe (RME) 2016 CY - Amsterdam, The Netherlands DA - 07.11.2016 KW - Mesoporous silica materials KW - Sensor materials KW - Fluorescence materials PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38183 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wagner, Sabine A1 - Bell, Jérémy A1 - Biyikal, Mustafa A1 - Gawlitza, Kornelia A1 - Rurack, Knut T1 - Detection of herbicides with fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymer sensor particles integrated with microfluidic devices N2 - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is one important and well-known herbicide that is widely used in agriculture because of its advantages to regulate plant growth. However, the use of large quantities of the treated plants as animal feed leads to residues in meat, milk and eggs. Furthermore, the herbicide can drain away and contaminate ground and drinking water. The ingestion of 2,4-D-contaminated food and water causes damage to the inner organs of humans and animals, e.g., the kidneys and the liver. Analytical assays based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have emerged as a valuable tool in the field of environmental analysis due to the low production costs, stability, format adaptability and the possibility to imprint and thus their ability to recognize a wide variety of target analytes.5 With regard to optical sensing technologies, however, MIPs have only been used in considerably few applications, especially in fluorescence sensors. This limitation is basically due to the fact that the incorporation of a fluorescently responding moiety into a polymer matrix is challenging. One way to overcome this limitation is to use tailor-made fluorescent indicator monomers for direct transfer of the binding event into an optical signal and coat the MIP via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization as a thin layer onto the surface of silica nanoparticles as primary sensing element. Here, we present the response behavior of the fluorescent MIP sensor particles in terms of sensitivity for 2,4-D detection (the so-called imprinting factor), discrimination ability against structurally similar compounds and performance in a phase-transfer assay (PTA) on chip, i.e., the implementation of the assay into a microfluidic chip environment, offering a novel simple and rapid way for the detection of herbicides. T2 - MIP2016 CY - Lund, Sweden DA - 26.06.2016 KW - Molecularly imprinted polymer KW - Fluorescence KW - Microfluidic devices PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38168 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weimann, Karin A1 - Adam, Christian ED - Martins, Isabel ED - Ulsen, Carina ED - Angulo, Sergio Cirelli T1 - Secondary building materials from construction and demolition waste: environmental benefits and costs N2 - Due to the large quantities of construction and demolition waste (CDW) in Europe, its reuse or recycling is of particular importance. Although several countries already recycle high amounts of CDW, the use as secondary raw materials is often limited by inferior building material properties. Specific characteristics, like high porosity and low density are caused by hardened cement paste in crushed concrete and the content of mortar and plaster in brick debris. Impurities like wood or gypsum and also harmful substances like organic pollutants may be a major problem for a reuse and should be minimized. Therefore unwanted materials and impairing substances have to be separated from the secondary building material stream. This can be done during the demolition process by using techniques for selective dismantling or during the subsequent treatment of the resulting rubble. Since almost all processing steps are associated with environmental impacts, the benefits of saving natural resources by applying secondary building materials should be weighed carefully. An environmental performance evaluation was undertaken to assess different techniques for reducing gypsum in recycled concrete aggregates, aiming at a minimization of elutable sulfates. These results were compared to the environmental impacts of the extraction of natural aggregates for concrete. T2 - "Progress of recycling in the built environment" CY - Sao Paulo, Brazil DA - 03.08.2015 KW - CDW processing KW - Demolition/selective dismantling KW - Gypsum KW - Environmental evaluation KW - Bauschuttaufbereitung KW - Ökobilanzielle Bewertung PY - 2015 UR - http://www.rilem.org/gene/main.php?base=500218&id_publication=449&id_papier=10699 SN - e-ISBN: 978-2-35158-158-2 SP - 192 EP - 199 CY - Paris, France AN - OPUS4-38170 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kunte, Hans-Jörg A1 - Lentzen, G. A1 - Galinski, E. T1 - Industrial production of the cell protectant ectoine: protection mechanisms, processes, and products N2 - Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya can adapt to Saline environments by accumulating compatible solutes in order to maintain an osmotic equilibrium. Compatible solutes are of diverse chemical structure (sugars, polyols, amino acid derivatives) and are beneficial for bacterial cells not only as osmoregulatory solutes, but also as protectants of proteins by mitigating detrimental effects of freezing, drying and high temperatures. The aspartate derivative ectoine is a wide spread compatible solute in Bacteria and possesses additional protective properties compared with other compatible solutes, and stabilizes even whole cells against stresses such as UV radiation or cytotoxins. The protective properties of ectoine for proteins can be explained by its strong (kosmotropic) interaction with water and subsequent exclusion from Protein surface, the decrease of the solubility of the peptide backbone and the strengthening of intramolecular hydrogen bonds (secondary structures). The stabilizing and UV-protective properties of ectoine attracted industry, which saw the potential to market ectoine as a novel active component in health care products and cosmetics. In joint efforts of industry and research large-scale fermentation procedures have been developed with the halophilic bacterium Halomonas elongata used as a producer strain. The two key technologies that allow for the annual production of ectoine on a scale of tons are the bacterial milking procedure and the development and application of ectoine-excreting mutants (“leaky” mutant). The details of these two procedures including the strain development and Fermentation processes will be introduced and current and future applications of ectoine will be discussed. KW - Bacterial milking KW - Batch fermentation KW - Continuous culture KW - Ectoine excretion KW - Hofmeister effect KW - Kosmotrope KW - “leaky” mutant KW - Osmophobic effect KW - Protein protection KW - Preferential exclusion PY - 2014 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-376805 DO - https://doi.org/10.2174/22115501113026660037 SN - 2211-551X VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 10 EP - 25 PB - Bentham Science AN - OPUS4-37680 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marinelli, F. A1 - Kuhlmann, S. I. A1 - Grell, E. A1 - Kunte, Hans-Jörg A1 - Ziegler, C. M. A1 - Faraldo-Gómez, J. D. T1 - Evidence for an allosteric mechanism of substrate release from membrane-transporter accessory binding proteins N2 - Numerous membrane importers rely on accessory water-soluble proteins to capture their substrates. These substrate-binding Proteins (SBP) have a strong affinity for their ligands; yet, Substrate release onto the low-affinity membrane transporter must occur for uptake to proceed. It is generally accepted that release is facilitated by the association of SBP and transporter, upon which the SBP adopts a conformation similar to the unliganded state, whose affinity is sufficiently reduced. Despite the appeal of this mechanism, however, direct supporting evidence is lacking. Here, we use experimental and theoretical methods to demonstrate that an allosteric mechanism of enhanced substrate release is indeed plausible. First, we report the atomic-resolution structure of APO TeaA, the SBP of the Na!-coupled ectoine TRAP transporter TeaBC from Halomonas elongata DSM2581T, and compare it with the substrate-bound structure previously reported. Conformational freeenergy landscape calculations based upon molecular Dynamics simulations are then used to dissect the mechanism that couples ectoine binding to structural change in TeaA. These insights allow us to design a triple mutation that biases TeaA toward apo-like conformations without directly perturbing the binding cleft, thus mimicking the influence of the membrane transporter. Calorimetric measurements demonstrate that the ectoine affinity of the conformationally biased triple mutant is 100-fold weaker than that of the wild type. By contrast, a control mutant predicted to be conformationally unbiased displays wild-type affinity. This work thus demonstrates that substrate release from SBPs onto their Membrane transporters can be facilitated by the latter through a mechanism of allosteric modulation of the former. KW - Binding thermodynamics KW - Periplasmic binding protein KW - Secondary transporter KW - ABC transporter KW - Replica-exchange metadynamics PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1112534108 SN - 0027-8424 SN - 1091-6490 VL - 108 IS - 49 SP - E1285 EP - E1292 AN - OPUS4-37681 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schweikhard, E. S. A1 - Kuhlmann, S. I. A1 - Kunte, Hans-Jörg A1 - Grammann, K. A1 - Ziegler, C. M. T1 - Structure and function of the universal stress protein TeaD and its role in regulating the ectoine transporter TeaABC of halomonas elongata DSM 2581T N2 - The halophilic bacterium Halomonas elongata takes up the compatible solute ectoine via the osmoregulated TRAP transporter TeaABC. A fourth orf (teaD) is located adjacent to the teaABC locus that encodes a putative universal stress protein (USP). By RT-PCR experiments we proved a cotranscription of teaD along with teaABC. Deletion of teaD resulted in an enhanced uptake for ectoine by the Transporter TeaABC and hence a negative activity regulation of TeaABC by TeaD. Atranscriptional regulation viaDNA binding could be excluded. ATP binding to native TeaD was shown by HPLC, and the Crystal structure of TeaD was solved in complex with ATP to a resolution of 1.9 A ° by molecular replacement. TeaD forms a dimer-dimer complex with one ATP molecule bound to each monomer, which has a Rossmann-like R/β overall fold. Our results reveal an ATP-dependent oligomerization of TeaD, which might have a functional role in the regulatory mechanism of TeaD. USP-encoding orfs, which are located adjacent to genes Encoding for TeaABC homologues, could be identified in several other organisms, and their physiological role in balancing the internal cellular ectoine pool is discussed. KW - Universal stress protein KW - Ectoine KW - Transporter TeaABC PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/bi9017522 SN - 1520-4995 SN - 0006-2960 VL - 49 IS - 10 SP - 2194 EP - 2204 AN - OPUS4-37682 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gorbushina, Anna T1 - A new tool in material science - Targeted disruption of melanin synthesis in rock-inhabiting fungi N2 - The ability to survive almost absolute dehydration through air-drying is a remarkable feature of rock-inhabiting microcolonial fungi (MCF), which colonise rock surfaces in hot and cold deserts. Understanding of the underlying mechanisms which allow this group of fungi to conquer natural and man-made environments requires a set of modern biological techniques and approaches that are under development in our laboratory. We will present an overview of the targeted disruption of melanin biosynthesis genes in the rock-inhabiting Knufia petricola and give inside into the lines of research and the network of supporting laboratories that made this progress possible. T2 - 6. Meeting of the ISHAM Working Group "Black Yeasts and Relatives" CY - Viterbo, Italy DA - 15.09.2016 KW - Black fungi KW - SAB KW - Biofilm PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-37693 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -